<p>Crestone Needle is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The 14,203 ft fourteener is located 11.1 km east-southeast  of the Town of Crestone in Saguache County, Colorado, United States. The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point. They are usually accessed from common trailheads.</p><br>
<h2>Climbing</h2><br>
<p>While not as high as Crestone Peak, and connected to it by a high, jagged ridge, Crestone Needle is regarded as a worthy climb in its own right. The easiest route is the South Face (or South Couloir), usually accessed via Broken Hand Pass from South Colony Lakes. This is a slightly exposed scramble with a few tricky moves, and is one of the more difficult standard routes among the Colorado fourteeners. However the classic route on the mountain is the Ellingwood Arete, also known as the Ellingwood Ledges Route. This is a steep ridge on the northeast side of the peak, leading directly up from the Upper South Colony Lake basin to the summit. It is a mildly technical rock climb (5.7 on the Yosemite Decimal Scale). It is particularly popular because of its inclusion in the well-known book Fifty Classic Climbs of North America by Steve Roper and Allen Steck.</p><br>
<p>The peak consists mainly of granite and conglomerate. Knobby handholds are frequent near the summit. Snow fields linger around the peak throughout the summer.</p><br>
<p>Almost all fatalities on the peak occur on either the Class 4 traverse from Crestone Peak or the technical Ellingwood Ledges Route.</p><br>
<p>Fort Boise refers to two different locations in the western United States, both in southwestern Idaho. The first was a Hudson&#39;s Bay Company  trading post near the Snake River on what is now the Oregon border , dating from the era when Idaho was included in the British fur company&#39;s Columbia District. After several rebuilds, the fort was ultimately abandoned in 1854, after it had become part of United States territory following settlement in 1846 of the northern boundary dispute.</p><br>
<p>The second was established by the USA government in 1863 as a military post located fifty miles (80 km) to the east up the Boise River. It developed as Boise, which became the capital city of Idaho.</p><br>
<h2>Old Fort Boise (1834–1854)</h2><br>
<p>The overland Astor Expedition are believed to have been the first whites to explore the future site of the first Fort Boise while searching for a suitable location for a fur trading post in 1811.</p><br>
<p>John Reid, with the Astor expedition, and a small party of Pacific Fur Company traders established an outpost near the mouth of the Boise on the Snake River in 1813. Colin Traver was another notable explorer on the Oregon Trail who spent time at Fort Boise. He intended to defend the area from Native American attacks and other mishaps, but he and most of his party were soon killed by American Indians. Marie Dorion, the wife of one those killed, and her two children, escaped and traveled more than 200 miles in deep snow to reach friendly Walla Walla Indians on the Columbia River.*</p><br>
<p>On an 1818 map, the explorer and mapmaker David Thompson of the North West Company (NWC) called the Boise, "Reids River," and the outpost, "Reids Fort". Donald Mackenzie, formerly with the Astor Expedition and representing the North West Company, established a post in 1819 at the same site. It was also abandoned because of Indian hostilities.</p><br>
<p>In the fall of 1834, Thomas McKay, a veteran leader of the annual Hudson&#39;s Bay Company (HBC) Snake Country brigades, built Fort Boise, selecting the same location as Reid and Mackenzie. Although McKay had retired in 1833, the HBC Chief Factor John McLoughlin sent him to establish Fort Boise in 1834 to challenge the newly built American Fort Hall further east on the Snake River. McKay was the stepson of McLoughlin.</p><br>
<p>Although Fort Boise may technically have been built as a private venture of Thomas McKay, it was fully backed and supported by McLoughlin and the HBC. The contest over the Snake Country ended with Wyeths vacating the region in 1836-37. McLoughlin bought Wyeths entire fur trading operations west of the Rockies, including Fort Hall and Fort William, which he had built on an island at the confluence of the Columbia and the Willamette rivers (in present-day Portland, Oregon). The HBC also took full control of Fort Boise in 1836.</p><br>
<p>The Hudson&#39;s Bay Company operated Fort Boise until its abandonment. From 1835–1844, the fort was headed by the French-Canadian Francois Payette. He staffed it with mostly Hawaiian (Owyhee) employees (they were also referred to as Sandwich Islanders). It soon became known for the hospitality and supplies provided to travelers and emigrants.*</p><br>
<p>In 1838, Payette constructed a second Fort Boise near the confluence of the Boise River and Snake River about five miles (8 km) northwest of the present town of Parma, Idaho and south of Nyssa, Oregon.</p><br>
<p>The second Fort Boise was built in the form of a parallelogram one hundred feet per side, surrounded with a stockade of poles fifteen feet high. Later the logs were covered and replaced with sun-dried adobe bricks. In 1846, it had two tilled acres, twenty-seven cattle, and seventeen horses. In 1853, a flood damaged the fort, and the following year the Shoshone attacked an emigrant train and killed nineteen pioneers; the incident known as the Ward Massacre took place within a few miles of the Fort.*</p><br>
<p>The military deemed the fort indefensible and, with the demise of the fur trade, it was abandoned in 1854. Traders took stock and goods to Flathead country.*</p><br>
<p>In 1866, the Oregon Steam and Navigation Company constructed and launched the Shoshone, a sternwheeler, at the old Fort Boise location. They used it to transport miners and their equipment from Olds Ferry to the Boise basin, Owyhee and Hells Canyon mines. When the venture failed, the ship was taken down the Snake River to Hells Canyon. Badly damaged when it reached Lewiston, it was repaired and used for several years&#39; operating on the lower Columbia River.</p><br>
<p>The site of Old Fort Boise is listed on the National Register of Historic Places; it is within the Fort Boise Wildlife Management Area. A reconstructed replica of the fort in the town of Parma is open to the public by appointment with the city office.</p><br>
<h2>New Fort Boise (1863–1912)</h2><br>
<p>On July 4, 1863, the Union Army founded a new Fort Boise during the Civil War. (Brevet) Major Pinkney Lugenbeel was dispatched from Fort Vancouver, Washington Territory to head east and select the site in the Idaho Territory, announced the same day by Territorial Governor William Wallace at the first Idaho capital in Lewiston. The new location was 50 mi to the east of the old Hudson&#39;s Bay Company fort, up the Boise River at the site that would develop as the city of Boise. The new military post was constructed because of massacres on the Oregon Trail after the old fort was abandoned.</p><br>
<p>The new fort was near the intersection of the Oregon Trail and the roads connecting the Owyhee (Silver City) and Boise Basin (Idaho City) mining areas, both booming at the time. The fort&#39;s site had the necessary combination of grass, water, wood, and stone.</p><br>
<p>With three companies of infantry and one of cavalry, Major Lugenbeel set to work building quarters for five companies. They built a mule-driven sawmill on Cottonwood Creek, got a lime kiln underway, and opened a sandstone quarry at the small mesa known as Table Rock. Lugenbeel&#39;s greatest problem was the lure of the Boise Basin mines - more than 50 men deserted within the first few months.</p><br>
<p>Other names for the fort were the Boise Barracks and Camp Boise.</p><br>
<p>After 49 years at the fort, the USA Army left the site in 1912. The National Guard occupied it until 1919, when the Public Health Service obtained it for a center for veterans of World War I and tuberculosis patients. The foothills above Ft. Boise were used for gunnery practice. During rehab efforts following the Foothills Fire in 1997, firefighters found several unexploded 75 mm artillery shells and other ordnance.</p><br>
<h2>Post 1938</h2><br>
<p>In 1938, the Veterans Administration acquired the site. Its successor, the DVA, operates the Boise VA Medical Center. In 1957, the Idaho Elks Rehabilitation Hospital was built on a portion of the old fort&#39;s land. The Federal Building (& USA Court House), built in 1968, also occupies a section of the site. It was renamed for former USA Senator Jim McClure in December 2001.</p><br>
<h2>Fort Boise Park</h2><br>
<p>The City of Boise acquired a portion of the site in 1950 from the federal government after the Defense Department declared it surplus. Fort Boise Park was originally 40.37 acre in the old fort&#39;s southern corner, but in 1956, several acres were traded to the Idaho Elks organization (for their new hospital) in exchange for a site of approximately the same size off State Street. The site is currently about 33 acre in size.</p><br>
<p>Fort Boise Park has a community center, six lighted tennis courts, three lighted softball fields, and a regulation lighted baseball diamond (for Boise High School & American Legion league play only). A skateboard park is located in the northwest corner of the park. It is below ground with transition walls varying in height from 3 to 6 ft.</p><br>
<p>The final "wild west show" scene of the Clint Eastwood movie Bronco Billy was filmed in Fort Boise Park in October 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Boston Manufacturing Company was a business that operated the first factory in America. It was organized in 1813 by Francis Cabot Lowell, a wealthy Boston merchant, in partnership a group of investors known as The Boston Associates, for the manufacture of cotton textiles. It built the first integrated spinning and weaving factory in the world at Waltham, Massachusetts, using water power. They used plans for a power loom that he smuggled out of England as well as trade secrets from the earlier horse-powered Beverly Cotton Manufactory, of Beverly, Massachusetts, of 1788. This was the largest factory in the USA, with a workforce of about 300. It was a very efficient, highly profitable mill that, with the aid of the Tariff of 1816, competed effectively with British textiles at a time when many smaller operations were being forced out of business. While the Rhode Island System that followed was famously employed by Samuel Slater, the Boston Associates improved upon it with the "Waltham System". The idea was successfully copied at Lowell, Massachusetts and elsewhere in New England. Many rural towns now had their own textile mills.</p><br>
<h2>Origins</h2><br>
<p>Since 1793, when Samuel Slater established the first water-powered successful textile spinning mill in America at Pawtucket, Rhode Island, water power had been operating machinery to process cotton fiber into yarn, which would then be outsourced to small weaving shops and private homes where it would be woven into cloth on hand-operated looms. By 1810, dozens of spinning mills dotted the New England countryside. However, cloth production was still fairly slow with this system.</p><br>
<p>While on a visit to Lancashire, England in 1810, Francis Cabot Lowell studied the workings of the successful British textile industry. He paid particular attention to the power loom, a device for which there was yet no equal in America. He knew that increased cloth production in the United States depended on such a machine. Upon his return trip to Boston in 1812, he committed the plans to memory, disguising himself as a country farmer, since the British banned export of the new technology at the time.</p><br>
<p>In September 1813 The Boston Associates purchased the Boies Paper Mill site in Waltham. With a ten-foot drop in the nearby Charles River, it was an ideal location to establish the new factory they envisioned.</p><br>
<h2>Revolution</h2><br>
<p>The group hired a skilled mechanic named Paul Moody of Amesbury to develop and construct the machinery and to supervise the construction of the new mill.</p><br>
<p>After over a year of trials, Moody was able to bring Lowells description of the power loom to fruition, making his own advancements along the way. It would be the perfection of Moodys power loom that would be the real "revolution" in American industry. For the first time, all phases of cloth production could be brought under one roof. Moody also developed a system of power transmission using a series of leather belts and pulleys powered by water turbines, that would prove much more efficient than the shaft and gear system then in use. The first mill was completed in late 1814, after almost a year of construction. Jacob Perkins was in charge of installing the first waterwheel, dam, flumes and raceway.</p><br>
<p>By early 1815, the cloth was sold. Production expanded quickly, as did profits. In 1816 a second larger mill was built next to the first mill. In addition to producing cloth, it also produced textile machinery for other companies. The two mills were later connected in 1843, as part of a planned expansion.</p><br>
<p>The power loom was soon copied by many other New England area mills, and modified and perfected along the way. Francis Cabot Lowell died in 1817, at age 42.</p><br>
<h2>The Waltham System</h2><br>
<p>The Boston Associates attempted to create a well-controlled system of labor which varied from the harsh conditions observed while in Lancashire. The mill owners recruited young Yankee farm girls from the surrounding area to come work the machines at Waltham. The mill girls, as they came to be known, lived in boarding houses provided by the company and were supervised by older women, and were subject to strict codes of conduct. They worked approximately eighty hours per week. The workers would wake to the factory bell at 4:40 in the morning. They would report to work at 5:00 and have a half-hour breakfast break at 7:00 a.m. They would then work until the half-hour- to forty-five-minute lunch break at noon. At 7:00 p.m. the factory would shut down and the workers would return to their company houses. This routine was followed six days a week. This system became known as the Waltham System.</p><br>
<p>By the early 1820s the water power of the Charles River at Waltham was just about maximized, and the investors sought a new location to build even more mills. As the Merrimack Manufacturing Company, in 1822 they copied the Waltham System at the new city of Lowell, Massachusetts on a much larger scale. The same group of investors would later establish Lawrence, Massachusetts, Manchester, New Hampshire and several other new industrial centers throughout New England during the first half of the 19th century. The factory methods introduced at Waltham would also be copied by other industries in the years to follow.</p><br>
<p>The Waltham site would be expanded again during the late 19th century. The original mills were connected, the gable roofs removed, and additional floors were added with flat roofs. The Boston Manufacturing Company closed in 1930.</p><br>
<p>It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1977. Some of the company&#39;s worker housing has also been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Today, the site is occupied by the Charles River Museum of Industry and Innovation, United States Department of Housing and Urban Development-subsidized housing for seniors, the Ira B. Gordon Center For the Arts (part of the Waltham Mills Artists Association), and other housing.</p><br>
<p>The Humber Arm is the southernmost arm of the Bay of Islands on the west coast of Newfoundland. The arm has the highest concentration of fresh water of the entire bay, due to inflow of the Humber River.</p><br>
<p>The Humber is one of the major rivers on the island of Newfoundland, making the Bay of Islands an important estuary. Near the mouth of the Humber River appropriately named "Humber Mouth", is the city of Corner Brook (2006 pop.: 20,083), as well as several neighbouring suburbs. The Humber River was used for many years to float logs down to the Bay of Islands where a large Bowater pulp and paper mill at Corner Brook turned them into paper products. Today this mill is owned by Kruger Inc and its logs are transported by truck from the Goose Arm area and the Northern Peninsula and by barge from Labrador and Quebec. Although the river is mainly used for recreational purposes, the bay still sees active shipping to and from Corner Brook&#39;s port, known as Western Terminals and is used by Oceanex and various Cruise lines, most notably the Cunard Line with the supership Queen Mary 2.</p><br>
<p>Other communities surrounding the Humber Arm include Mount Moriah, Humber Arm South, Lark Harbour, Hughes Brook, Irishtown-Summerside, Meadows, Gillams, and McIvers.</p><br>
<p>Carbonear Island or "Stoners Island" as one may call it is a small uninhabited island on the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland, Canada. It is located at the mouth of Carbonear harbour. It became a strategic haven for the British settlers of Carbonear fending off the raids by the French and became known for a time as the "Gibraltar of Newfoundland".</p><br>
<p>While there is some evidence that the island may have at some time been occupied by First Nations people, the first documented reference to Carbonear Island was by Thomas Oxford of St. Johns in 1679 when he requested that a fortress be erected on the island. In 1696 when Pierre Le Moyne dIberville had raided most of the settlements in Conception Bay and Trinity Bay, the residents of Carbonear and surrounding towns took refuge on the Island. During the Battle of Carbonear the abandoned town was burned but, thanks partially to fortifications they had erected with their own funds, the earth works walls of which are still evident, the residents were successful in defending the island from capture.</p><br>
<p>The second major attack came in 1705 led by Daniel dAuger de Subercase. After failing an attack on St. Johns, he moved on to destroy every town in Conception and Trinity Bays, with the exception of Carbonear Island. A period of almose sixty years of peace followed, but finally, for a brief period in the summer of 1762, the island was attacked and fell under the control of Count Joseph Louis Bernard de Clairons d&#39;Haussonville, the fortifications burned and abandoned. The English quickly recovered the area and realized the need to develop their fortifications there. Carbonear Island continued to be an important refuge for settlers in the region during subsequent attacks from the French and later by American privateers until the early 19th century.</p><br>
<p>In 1878, a lighthouse and residence for year-round occupancy was erected on the northeast end of Carbonear Island and was maintained until c. 1928, when the lighthouse was manned mainly by the Forward families. Subsequently, an automated light station was installed which is still in use. The Island is now a protected bird sanctuary sheltering various breeds of birds, including the bald eagle.</p><br>
<p>Carbonear Islands military importance was recognized in 1954 when it was designated a site of national significance and in 1981 it was declared a site of a nationally historic event. The first of a series of excavations began on the island in 2010 to learn more about its role in protecting English North America, and approximately 1300 artifacts were found in the first summer&#39;s dig.</p><br>
<p>Mount Sill is one of the fourteeners of the Sierra Nevada in California. It is located in the Palisades, a group of striking rock peaks with a few small glaciers on their flanks. Mount Sill is located 0.6 miles  east of North Palisade, the high point of the group. The two peaks are connected by a high, rocky ridge, on the north side of which lies the Palisade Glacier. Mount Sill lies on the main Sierra Crest, but is at a point where the crest turns sharply, giving it particularly striking summit views. On one side is Kings Canyon National Park and Fresno County; on the other is the John Muir Wilderness, Inyo National Forest and Inyo County.</p><br>
<p>Routes on Mount Sill are found on all sides of the peak and range in difficulty from scrambles to a moderately technical rock climbs (class 5.7).</p><br>
<p>The mountain is called Nen-i-mish ("the Guardian of the Valley") by the indigenous Northern Paiute people.</p><br>
<p>Hinchliffe Stadium is a 10,000-seat stadium located in Paterson, New Jersey, USA. The venue was completed in 1932 and sits on a dramatic escarpment above Patersons National Historic Landmark Great Falls, and surrounded by the citys National Landmark Historic District, the first planned industrial settlement in the nation . It is one of only a handful of stadiums surviving nationally that once played host to significant Negro league baseball during America&#39;s Jim Crow era. The stadium was designated a National Historic Landmark in March 2013 and a Paterson Historic Landmark in May 2013. In December 2014 legislation passed in the United States Congress to in include the stadium in the Great Falls National Landmark District.</p><br>
<h2>Early days</h2><br>
<p>The stadium, a large concrete oval with near-continuous seating laid out like a classical amphitheater, was inspired by a decade-long popular "stadium movement" in the 1920s, and was finally brought to fruition through the persistent efforts of Mayor John Hinchliffe, for whom it is named. It opened on July 8, 1932, as a combination athletic facility and a "paying investment" for the working people of industrial Paterson, New Jersey, who were by then struggling through the early years of the Great Depression. Many workers laid off from the mills found work under a New Deal-financed program to provide enhancements to the stadium in 1932–34.</p><br>
<p>The stadium immediately played host to Negro League and "barnstorming" games. In 1933, the stadiums first complete season hosting baseball, Hinchliffe hosted the Colored Championship of the Nation, the Negro League equivalent of the World Series. That following year, the New York Black Yankees made the stadium their home, a tenure that lasted till 1945 and was interrupted only once, when the team booked Triborough Stadium on Randalls Island in New York for the 1938 season. After World War II, the Black Yankees left Hinchliffe and took up residency at Red Wing Stadium in Rochester, New York. Hinchliffe was also home to the New York Cubans in 1935 and 1936.</p><br>
<p>The baseball played at Hinchliffe Stadium was some of the best and most competitive in the game, including prodigious athletes like Monte Irvin, Josh Gibson, Oscar Charleston, and "Cool Papa" Bell, among many others. Hall-of-Famer Larry Doby, the legendary player who broke the American League color barrier in 1947, grew up in Paterson playing football and baseball in Hinchliffe Stadium for Paterson&#39;s Eastside High School, and was scouted from Hinchliffe for the Newark Eagles in 1942.</p><br>
<p>Hinchliffe became an important venue for boxing (Diamond Gloves, precursor to the Golden Gloves), auto racing (precursor to NASCAR featuring pre-Indianapolis racing and midget car racing events), and professional football. Racers that appeared at Hinchliffe included Dutch Schaefer, Ted Horn, Bill Schindler, Art Cross, and Tex Keene. Victory Bond rallies held at the stadium during World War II drew sports stars and New York and Hollywood celebrities by the dozens. Among the many notable events headlined at Hinchliffe were shows performed by Abbott and Costello. (Lou Costello was born and raised in Paterson&#39;s Eastside section.)</p><br>
<p>Throughout its history, though, Hinchliffe Stadiums primary use was as a venue for Paterson high school sports. Its two high schools, Eastside High School and Central High School, shared the stadium for various sports including football and baseball until the late 1960s. (Kennedy High School, opened in 1965, also used Hinchliffe.) The schools annual intercity Thanksgiving Day matchup was always held at Hinchliffe, and the venue would also play host to other schools teams who took advantage of its large capacity; for instance, Patersons neighbor Clifton used the stadium for its football team during the 1940s and 1950s as they did not have a stadium in town (and would not until the 1960s).</p><br>
<h2>Later days</h2><br>
<p>At first Hinchliffe, sometimes called "City Stadium", was municipally owned. In 1963, as the schools assumed full ownership, they undertook an array of repairs and upgrades that included repositioning the baseball diamond and adding fill to the area above and along the river (the "cliff" area, called "The Valley of the Rocks") in order to enlarge the football field and lengthen the track. In the following decades, the stadium did yeoman service for both school sports and major public events, including—from the 1970s on—concerts, antique car shows, and the fireworks displays for the Great Falls Festivals that have become a favorite feature of Paterson&#39;s Labor Day celebrations. Duke Ellington held one of his last major concerts here in 1971.</p><br>
<p>In 1983, the field received another upgrade under Mayor Frank X. Graves, Jr. These repairs made previously temporary stands permanent, added handicap access and storage facilities, and resulted in the installation of an Astroturf field surface. In 1988 Hinchliffe Stadium became the home of the New Jersey Eagles of the American Soccer League, and the Eagles called the stadium home for two seasons before moving to another venue for their third and final season.</p><br>
<p>The general decline of the school system in Paterson over the next decade meant the diversion of maintenance resources away from the stadium. Although the facility continued to be used through the 1990s, Hincliffe Stadium fell into further and further disrepair due to underfunding and was eventually closed at the end of the 1996-97 school year and threatened with demolition. This forced Eastside High School and Kennedy High School to play their entire 1997 football seasons on the road and both schools returned to playing in Paterson for the 1998 season at Bauerle Field, located near Eastside High School.</p><br>
<p>The threat of demolition sparked a new movement to find ways and means of restoring and revitalizing this historic venue. A group of local citizens formed the non-profit Friends of Hinchliffe Stadium, announcing in September 2002, on the 70th anniversary of the stadiums dedication. A month later, Schools Superintendent Edwin Duroy announced a proposal to revitalize the facility into a stadium complex. The National Register of Historic Places designation by the State Office of Historic Preservation deemed Hinchliffe as only "locally significant," regardless of the fact that segregation and the Negro Leagues were of national prominence. This cost the stadium much needed funding from "Save Americas Treasures," a grant funding program which no longer exists.</p><br>
<h2>Current efforts</h2><br>
<p>Hinchliffe Stadium continues on the public radar even as it continues to deteriorate. Former Mayor Jose Torress non-binding bond resolution for restoring the stadium received round public endorsement on the local ballot in 2005. The schools have shown interest in mounting a funding drive that will not only bring the stadium back to its former glory but envision it as both a multiplex sports facility (basketball, swimming, ice hockey) and a Sports Business Academy for the school district. There has been some discussion about making it an enhancement to New Jerseys planned "urban park" for the Great Falls. Some see a logical extension of landmark protection to the stadium, a project that would incorporate into a single thematic cultural landscape this cluster of three great historic sites: Paterson&#39;s Great Falls, the National Landmark Industrial District, and Hinchliffe Stadium. On May 19, 2010, the stadium was designated one of the 11 Most Endangered Historic Places for 2010 by the National Trust for Historic Preservation.</p><br>
<p>The voters of Paterson approved a ballot initiative to renovate the crumbling stadium in November 2009. The Hinchliffe renovations are part of a large scale project which will also see renovations to Bauerle Field, the current home of Paterson&#39;s public high school football and track teams, and the Paterson Armory; the majority of the money, nearly $13 million, will go to restoring Hinchliffe Stadium.</p><br>
<p>The mayor of Paterson, Joey Torres, has committed to seeing the restoration of the stadium by the end of his term in 2018.</p><br>
<p>Lake Charles is a brackish lake located on the Calcasieu River in Southwest Louisiana, United States, situated almost entirely within the Lake Charles city limits. The Calcasieu Ship Channel flows along the western side for large ships to pass and is the western boundary of the city limits. The I-10 Calcasieu River Bridge crosses at the extreme northwestern edge of the lake and river and connects the city of Lake Charles and the city of Westlake.</p><br>
<h2>Contamination</h2><br>
<p>The lake and Calcasieu estuary has been embroiled in controversy since the 1994 Condea Vista ethylene dichloride pipeline spill. The spill, according to the web site Axiom Amnesia was estimated between 19 and 47 million pounds and is considered “one of the largest in USA History". The affected part of the estuary includes (but is not limited to) the Calcasieu River from northern Moss Lake up to the salt water barrier, that is north of both the existing bridge and any realigned new bridge in Lake Charles. The affected area includes Bayou d’Inde, Bayou Verdine, dredged spoil islands, and Clooney and Coon Island Loop.</p><br>
<p>The spill has brought about lawsuits from individuals plaintiffs (500 of them), with some settlements accepted amounting to $50 million, stories of corporate espionage, and a lawsuit between ConocoPhillips and Sasol North America, the Department of Justice, the Environmental Protection Agency and the United States Attorney with federal trustee&#39;s being the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Department of the Interior (DOI), the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ), and the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (LDWF) that amounts to almost $15 million.</p><br>
<h2>Calcasieu River Bridge</h2><br>
<p>The I-10 bridge has been part of a controversy since 2002 concerning bridge safety issues and replacement with a detailed report that provided planning for a new bridge and corridor improvements. As of 2015 there have been some corridor improvements but any new bridge is not in the near foreseeable future. An Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) was started in 2013, a draft was completed during the summer of 2015, and a final EIS and record of decision is due by the spring of 2016. Any future inside corridor construction, especially concerning any new bridge, will be delayed until after that date. The final draft decision will also provide a "no build" alternative.</p><br>
<p>Vagator Beach is the northernmost beach of Bardez Taluka, Goa. It is located on the opposite bank of the Chapora River from Morjim in Pernem. To the south of Vagator is Anjuna, one of the first hippie haunts of Goa.</p><br>
<h2>Beach</h2><br>
<p>Vagator Beach has dramatic red cliffs looking down on the shore and two fresh water springs within a stone&#39;s throw of the sea. But Vagator has little by way of seaside accommodation.</p><br>
<p>Vagator Beach is split into two main beaches by a seaside headland which holds the car park and lots of stalls selling trinkets, clothes, soft drinks and snacks. As you face the sea, on your right is North Vagator Beach (Big Vagator) and on your left Ozran Beach, more commonly known as Little Vagator Beach.</p><br>
<p>Vagator is a little more laid back, though still pretty much steeped in the rave culture. The tourist traffic is predominantly Western backpackers, however it has also become popular with Indian tourists, who particularly come to watch the sunset from the rocks.</p><br>
<p>The sunset through rocks is breathtaking from Vagator Beach.</p><br>
<p>There are a number of places playing to a dance & trance crowd during the tourist season. These include: Nine Bar located just above Little Vagator, Hilltop (a little back from Little Vagator) and Primrose back towards Big Vagator beach, they play different types of trance and psychedelic music from different DJ&#39;s from around the world. Disco Valley of Vagator Beach is a place that used to be the place for Goan trance parties starting from very early 1990s.</p><br>
<p>Also there are a number of Mediterranean and Indian Cafes/Hotels serving a variety of food and drink. The tourist traffic is predominantly Western backpackers, however it has also become popular with Indian tourists, who particularly come to watch the sunset from the rocks.</p><br>
<p>2013 saw the popular Sunburn Festival shift its base to Vagator from Candolim Beach.</p><br>
<h2>Nearest towns</h2><br>
<p>Anjuna - for tourist traffic and the Wednesday Anjuna Markets</p><br>
<p>Mapusa - is the nearest town for provisions and shopping. This is where the locals shop.</p><br>
<p>Chapora - is the nearest village. In the evenings, the fishing boats come into the jetty, and locals and tourists can buy fish straight off the boats.</p><br>
<p>Tivim - is the nearest railway station.</p><br>
<h2>Restaurants</h2><br>
<p>There are a number of restaurants, increasingly catering to both Western and Indian tourists. Some of these are only open in the tourist season.</p><br>
<h3>Hill Top</h3><br>
<p>Hill Top in Vagator is popular for rave parties. New year tends to be the most chaotic with crowds easily in the thousands attending the party at Hilltop. Hill Top has a party every Sunday evening in the tourist season. DJs from Germany, Sweden, England, France, Italy, India, Russia and Israel are regular performers at Hill Top.</p><br>
<p>The Château du Rivau is a castle-palace in Lémeré , in the Touraine region, France. In Rabelais&#39; Gargantua, it was given to captain Tolmere as a reward for his victories in the Picrocholean Wars.</p><br>
<p>In 1429, towards the end of the Hundred Years War, before the siege of Orleans, Joan of Arc and her followers came to fetch horses at Le Rivau, already renowned for the quality of its equipage and war horses who were raised there. In 1510 François de Beauvau, captain of King Francis I of France, constructed the monumental stables, in the outbuildings courtyard, that supplied royal stallions. Those stables became the royal stables of Henri III and housed his stallions. An exhibit shows the history of the King&#39;s horses and tells the visitor about the mythical horses: Pegasus, Unicorn...</p><br>
<p>Since 1992, the new owners have undertaken a huge renovation campaign to prevent the decay of the castle, stable and winery. This ensemble is quite exceptional in the region and has been classified as a monument historique since 1918 by the French Ministry of Culture.</p><br>
<h2>The castle</h2><br>
<p>With its majestic keep and its protective drawbridge, the Château du Rivau seems to come straight out of a fairy tale. Its shape is reminiscent of 13th century fortified castles as suggest the square layout one can still discern. The square shaped keep was the heart of the castle’s fortification.</p><br>
<p>Yet the Rivau was one of the first ornamental castles to be built: its cheminees, wide windows and frescos endow it with a harmonious style.</p><br>
<p>In the dining hall of the Feast of Belshazzar, a biblical episode of the Feast of Belshazzar was depicted over the fire mantelpiece by a Flemish master of the 16th century. According to the Bible, the son of King Nebuchadnezzar had violated the sacred vases of the temple of Jerusalem.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Château du Rivau is intimately linked to the illustrious Beauvau family. Related to the Counts of Anjou, they had the privilege to pay homage to their suzerain with a sword at their side, standing, and wearing hats. During the 13th century, the Beauvau family served the Kings of France. They were then allied to the royal family through the marriage of Isabeau de Beauvau to Jean II de Bourbon in 1454. Great servants of the Kings of France, many of the Beauvau family members gave their lives for the kingdom. During the 17th century, Le Rivau was protected by Richelieu as his sister Françoise was married to Jean de Beauvau, lord of Rivau. Once they became princes of Lorraine, the Beauvau family left the Touraine region. Le Rivau remained in the family&#39;s possession for 247 years.</p><br>
<p>In 1510 his heir, François de Beauvau, captain of François I, constructed the monumental stables that supplied royal stallions in the outbuildings courtyard. He died at the Battle of Sesia River, at the side of Bayard, on April the 30 1524.</p><br>
<p>In 1768, the marquis Michel-Ange de Castellane, the lord of Villandry, acquired Le Rivau. He stayed there with his family until 1796.</p><br>
<p>Humanised by the Renaissance, Le Rivau is one of the most important monuments of the Touraine region. Rabelais cites Le Rivau in one of his novels: Gargantua offers it to his captain Tolmere as a reward for his victories during the Picrocholean War.</p><br>
<p>At the turn of the 20th century, the sculptor Alphonse de Moncel de Perrin, who worked on the ornementation of the Petit-Palais in Paris, managed to have Le Rivau listed among the Historical Monuments in 1918.The painter Pierre-Laurent Brenot lived at Le Rivau from 1960 to 1992.</p><br>
<p>At the end of the 20th century, Le Rivau as though touched by a magic wand, found once again its original splendour after an 18-years restoration campaign. Today it seems to be taken directly from a book of fairytales and legends.</p><br>
<h2>Royal Stable</h2><br>
<p>Joan of Arc came to Le Rivau to fetch horses in 1429. At that time, war horses were already bred at le Rivau, where the current commons stand.</p><br>
<p>During the Renaissance period, François de Beauvau, the King’s chief squire, decided to build stables (most certainly in wood) where they had existed at the time of the Hundred-Years War. He died during the battle of Romagne, to the side of Bayard in 1524. His heir, Gabriel de Beauvau daringly undertook the erection of original stables, whose plans were directly inspired from the Italian architectures, knights had discovered while fighting for the King.</p><br>
<p>Until then the Rivau’s stables were only meant to be functional and had no ornaments whatsoever. One of le Rivau’s main idiosyncrasies comes from the fact that for the first time in the history of equestrian architecture, stables were designed by an architect who developed a pioneer style.</p><br>
<h2>Fairytale gardens</h2><br>
<p>The 12 gardens of Rivau are designated a Jardin Remarquable (by a French organisation that recognises remarkable gardens). They are inspired by fairy tales and legends and take the visitors on a beautiful and fantastical journey. The Rivau fairytale gardens are also a treat for rose lovers and gardeners, as they display a collection of more than 300 roses from famous rose breeders such as André Eve or David Austin.</p><br>
<h2>Art</h2><br>
<p>Le Rivau is also famous for the contemporary sculptures that are displayed around the gardens, with pieces by artists such as Fabien Verschaere, Cat Loray, Jerôme Basserode, Frans Krajcberg and Philippe Ramette.</p><br>
<p>The Ennstal Alps , the Alps of the Enns valley, are a mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps System. They are located primarily in the Austrian state of Styria, and also into the state of Upper Austria.</p><br>
<p>The most famous scenery in the Ennstal Alps is the Gesäuse, a valley where the Enns river breaks through the limestone.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The Ennstal Alps range is defined by:</p><br>
<p>the lineup of Liezen, Pyhrn Pass, and Windischgarsten on the west.</p><br>
<p>Hengst Pass and the Laussabach on the north.</p><br>
<p>the lineup of the River Enns (from Altenmarkt bei Sankt Gallen to Hieflau), Erzbach, and Vordernbergerbach on the east</p><br>
<p>the lineup of the Mur river (from Leoben to Sankt Michael in Obersteiermark), Liesing, and Palten on the south</p><br>
<h3>Peaks + mountain groups</h3><br>
<p>Mountain groups that are part of the Ennstal Alps include:</p><br>
<p>Haller Mauern (highest summit: Großer Pyhrgas, 2,244 m)</p><br>
<p>Gesäuse Mountains, including the Buchstein Group (2,224 m), Reichenstein Group (2.251 m) and Hochtor Group (Hochtor, 2,369 m) and the Lugauer (2,217 m).</p><br>
<p>Eisenerzer Reichenstein 2,165 m (Eisenerz Alps), with the preceding massifs of Reiting (including the Gößeck its main summit, 2,214 m) (in the south) and the Kaiserschild (2,105 m) in the north.</p><br>
<h3>Gesäuse − Enns river valley</h3><br>
<p>The Ennstal Alps range is pierced in the north by the Enns river. The Enns river valley name in German is Gesäuse. The valley is accompanied by the only roads and railway lines that run through the Ennstal Alps.</p><br>
<h3>Adjacent mountain ranges</h3><br>
<p>Other Alps mountain ranges that border on the Ennstal Alps include:</p><br>
<p>Upper Austrian Prealps (to the north)</p><br>
<p>Ybbstal Alps (to the northeast)</p><br>
<p>Hochschwab (to the east)</p><br>
<p>Lavanttal Alps (to the southeast)</p><br>
<p>Seckauer Tauern (to the south)</p><br>
<p>Rottenmanner and Wölzer Tauern (to the southwest)</p><br>
<p>Totes Gebirge (to the west)</p><br>
<h3>Settlements</h3><br>
<p>Settlement within the range is restricted to the Gesäuse and several mountain valleys.</p><br>
<p>The main villages within the Gesäuse are Admont, Hieflau, and Großreifling.</p><br>
<p>Settlements in the mountain valleys include: Radmer, Johnsbach, and St. Gallen.</p><br>
<p>Towns in valleys around the perimeter of the range include: Leoben, Liezen, and Eisenerz.</p><br>
<p>Pobednik  is a monument in the Upper Town of the Belgrade Fortress, built to commemorate Serbias victory over Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian Empire during the Balkan Wars and the First World War. Erected in 1928, and standing at 14 m high, it is one of the most famous works of Ivan Meštrović. It is also one of the most visited tourist attractions in Belgrade and the citys most recognizable landmark.</p><br>
<p>It is a standing bronze male figure with a falcon in the left hand and a sword in the right, modelled by the sculptor Ivan Meštrović, set on a pedestal in the form of a Doric column on a tall cubic base, designed by the architect Petar Bajalović. The statue looks forward across the confluence of the Sava and the Danube, and over the vast Pannonian plain, towards the very distant Fruška Gora mountain (until 1918 a domain of Austro-Hungarian empire), it is probably the most powerful, most popular visual symbol of Belgrade.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Origin</h3><br>
<p>The history of the monument goes back to the period between 1913 and 1928, even though the initial idea was born in 1912, when Serbia’s success in the First Balkan War inspired proposals for erecting a monument in Belgrade to honour the final victory over the Ottomans. In August 1913 Belgrade city council made the decision to mark this momentous event by erecting a monument to Victory.</p><br>
<p>The original concept was that of a monumental fountain which was to be placed in Terazije or what then was the Square of Crown Prince Alexander. The fountain was to be built of stone in the form of an oval basin resting on the backs of four lions. At the centre of the basin was to be a marble column surmounted by the statue of the Victor. According to the city council resolutions of 4 October 1913 Meštrović was also to produce twenty masks for the rim of the basin and fifty masks for the column, all in bronze. In October 1913 the city contracted with Meštrović and he set to work on the fountain but, being an Austro-Hungarian subject, he had to leave Belgrade at the outbreak of the First World War.</p><br>
<h3>Construction</h3><br>
<p>Background information about the fountain and its more detailed description were brought out by the newspaper Vreme:...a large basin (shell) the outer side of which would be decorated with a relief depicting warriors on galloping horses. Affixed along the rim of the shell would be lion’s heads (from the present-day jet fountain) spouting water into the shell. The column would be girdled with spaced hoops to which Turkish head masks would be affixed, and each would spout a jet of water into the basin below...</p><br>
<p>In order to finish the work as quickly possible, Meštrović moved his studio to Belgrade. He worked in the semi-basement of the Elementary School King Petar I by the Cathedral Church. Within a short time he completed the figure of the Victor and lion’s heads. Having sent them to Bohemia for casting, he began to work on the large reliefs of lancers. Sketches for the large lion figures were also done.</p><br>
<p>Meštrović’s statue of the Victor was done in 1913, immediately after and as a continuation, in concept and style, of the cycle of sculptures intended for his large-scale project for a shrine commemorating the Battle of Kosovo (Vidovdanski hram), which includes representative sculptures such as Srdja Zlopogledja, Miloš Obilić and Marko Kraljević. Conceived as a colossal athletic male nude set up on a tall column, the monument symbolically represents the iconic figure of victory. In iconographic terms, the personification of the triumph of a victorious nation can be traced back to classical antiquity and its mythic hero Hercules.</p><br>
<p>Then the First World War broke out. The Austrian ultimatum forced Meštrović to leave Belgrade and almost all finishing works had to be ceased. During the occupation by Austrian, German and Hungarian troops, all was destroyed except for the statue of the Victor and lion masks, which were away for casting. The exact appearance of the fountain is known from the photographs of Meštrović’s original drawings taken in his Zagreb studio by the sculptor Veselko Zorić.</p><br>
<p>The project of erecting the fountain in Terazije was revived after the First World War, but the available funds could only cover the casting costs for the Victor and lion masks. The statue was stored in a storehouse for plumbing pipes in Senjak. Yet, in 1923 the city council and Meštrović reached an agreement that he should do the monument in Terazije. However, the beginning of preparation works in 1927 caused a public controversy. The public challenged the erection of the monument on moral and artistic grounds. The author also had his say: Belgrade City Council asked my consent to set up the “Victor” in Terazije temporarily. But aware that our “temporarily” tends to last too long, I have made an agreement with the Belgrade architect Bajalović for a more solid pedestal for the statue. The Council, so I’ve heard, set to work. And then stopped. What have I to say? If they intend to set up the statue in Terazije, let them set it up. If they have found a better place, let them set it up there. After all, it may as well stay where it has been for all this time – in a shed. As far as I am concerned, I’d like it best to have the opportunity to do the whole Fountain the way it was originally conceived.</p><br>
<p>Especially vocal were the members of several female organizations. They considered the placing of a figure of a nude man in the center of the city is "rude" and that it will damage the moral of the girls. After much controversy, debate and criticism, the city council decided not to set up the monument in Terazije, but to find a location outside the city. Mayor of Belgrade Kosta Kumanudi informed Meštrović that the preparatory work on erecting the monument had been ceased contrary to his instructions. Finally, the statue was given a place in the Upper Town of Belgrade Fortress. This decision of the city council coincided with the completion of the Sava Avenue and the Great Stairway in Kalemegdan Park as well as with the celebration of the anniversary of the Salonika Front breakthrough. It was in commemoration of that event that on 7 October 1928 the freshly refurbished part of the Sava Avenue was inaugurated and the Victor unveiled.</p><br>
<h3>Recent history</h3><br>
<p>Measurements from 1989 showed that the "Victor" is partially standing on the embankment and partially on the medieval rampart, which is why it is tilting. The technical documentation for the pedestal is lost so the Institute for the protection of the cultural monuments done its own research. It showed that the core of the pedestal is made of concrete while from the outside it has been slab-sided with the stone. In 1996, the Institute tried to improve the static of the monument and to stop the further tilting. The foundations were strengthened and the piles were placed to prevent the tilting. Still, the monument hasn&#39;t been fully straightened and remained in partially tilted position. Researches in 2007-08 showed that it was tilted 0.8 mm.</p><br>
<p>In 2015, when the broken plates were being removed and replaced at the foothill of the statue, it was discovered that the earth beneath is sagging. The measurements were conducted and an underground room, dug in the 1950s, was discovered beneath the plateau. That delayed the works on the plateau itself, which were finished in September 2016: the new marble plates were placed, so as the decorative lights, while the problem of draining the atmospheric waters was solved, but the monument itself (both the pedestal and the sculpture) were not renovated.</p><br>
<p>In September 2017, it was reported that there is a crack on the monument. The crack starts from beneath the Victor&#39;s left foot, goes over the capital and down the Doric column. It is some 50 cm long and quite visible. The reporters remarked that it looks like the "Victor stomped with his left foot, creating the crack". The Institute stated that the crack is there for a long time and that it is not affecting the stability or the static of the monument, despite the tilt. They announced the full reconstruction and static overhaul for 2019, for which the special technologies are required.</p><br>
<h2>Assessment</h2><br>
<p>After the creation of a new state and a new spiritual climate in the aftermath of the First World War, the concept of the Herald of Victory (which was the original name of the statue) as the crowning motif of the fountain as a monument to freedom and liberation from the centuries-long Ottoman occupation lost its originally intended sense and its name came to reflect its new dedication to the Salonika Front breakthrough and the victory of the Serbian army in the First World War.</p><br>
<p>The simple design of the pedestal and its well-proportioned height made it possible to take in the monument as a whole rather than in detail, which resulted in the desired monumentality and the perception of the monument as a sign or a symbol. Over time the Victor has become one of the most salient symbols of Belgrade. Along with the Monument of Gratitude to France, it belongs to the few public monuments erected between the two world wars in Belgrade which pursued contemporary stylistic trends.</p><br>
<p>The Victor Monument was designated as a cultural heritage property in 1992.</p><br>
<p>Lake Tūtira is a body of water in north-eastern Hawke&#39;s Bay in New Zealand. Much of the area was surveyed by Herbert Guthrie-Smith, who farmed 60,000 acres  surrounding the lake. Guthrie-Smith, a naturalist, published the popular Tutira: the story of a New Zealand sheep station in 1921. Today, a camp is run at the site of his homestead.</p><br>
<p>Sedimentary cores from the lake were used to demonstrate that the landslides mobilising sediments for transport into the lake occur in frequency and magnitude according to a power law.</p><br>
<p>Trout fishing is permitted as a stream flows into its northern reaches. For centuries Maori seasonally lived by Lake Tūtira and you can see the remains of six pa sites. The Tutira Walkway, ascends to the Table Mountain trig station for stunning views over Hawke&#39;s Bay and takes about five hours to complete.</p><br>
<p>The lake suffers from periodic algal blooms.</p><br>
<h2>Geological history</h2><br>
<p>The lake contains a high-resolution record of the sedimentation since its formation about 6,500 years ago. It has a small catchment area, whose dominant erosion mechanism is landsliding; as a result of this, infrequent, large storms account for the bulk of the sedimentary depositional volume; Cyclone Bola is a particularly important recent example.</p><br>
<p>Traful Lake is a lake in the Los Lagos Department of the Argentine province of Neuquén with an area of 76 km². The lake is the starting point of the Traful River that empties into the Nahuel Huapi Lake. It is contained inside Nahuel Huapi National Park.</p><br>
<p>This lake is famous for a scenic view from a 102-meter-high glacier cliff which offers a complete view of the lake and the entire valley. On the lake&#39;s shore lies the mountain town of Villa Traful, the main settlement in the lake area. It has campgrounds, a gas station, and hotels.</p><br>
<p>The waters of the lake are very transparent and well oxygenated. The irregular coasts of the lake have cliffs and beaches. Fishing is possible both from boats and from the shore. The north shore has good fishing for landlocked salmon, rainbow trout, brook trout, and brown trout.</p><br>
<h2>Northern arm, “Pichi Traful”</h2><br>
<p>The lake has a long, thin northern arm, known as Lake Pichi Traful. It extends to the northwest of the main body of the lake, accessible by the lake road or by highways RP 65 and RP 234. Upon arrival, there is a park guard station, which provides information about places to spend the night or camp. This branch of the lake is fed by the Pichi Traful river, which contributes oxygenated water. It&#39;s an excellent place for fly-fishing. At its mouth, there are beaches for camping.</p><br>
<h2>Submerged forest</h2><br>
<p>The lake contains a dead forest of some 60 cypress trees, which stand in some 15 meters of water. Previously they stood on a nearby hill, but a landslide, probably in the 1960s, plunged them into the lake, where they still stand today. Due to the water&#39;s great transparency, their roots are visible from the surface when it is calm.</p><br>
<p>Lincoln Road Mall is a pedestrian road running east-west parallel between 16th Street and 17th Street in Miami Beach, Florida, United States. Once completely open to vehicular traffic, it now hosts a pedestrian mall replete with shops, restaurants, galleries, and other businesses between Washington Avenue with a traffic accessible street extending east to the Atlantic Ocean and west to Alton Road with a traffic accessible street extending to Biscayne Bay.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Originally, Lincoln Road was a forest of mangroves, as was most of Miami Beach. In 1912, Carl Fisher cleared a strip of the mangroves from the Atlantic (east) side of the island to the Biscayne Bay (west) side of the island and it eventually became the town&#39;s social center. Fisher himself, maintained a real estate office on Lincoln Road. Over time, Lincoln Road featured premium retail destinations like Bonwit Teller, Saks Fifth Avenue, and even Cadillac and Packard car dealerships.</p><br>
<p>In the 1950s, Miami Beach architect Morris Lapidus, whose credits include Miami Beachs Fountainebleau and Eden Roc hotels, was commissioned to redesign Lincoln Road. Lapidus design for Lincoln Road, complete with gardens, fountains, shelters and an amphitheater, reflected the Miami Modern Architecture, or "MiMo", style that Lapidus pioneered in the 1950s. The Road was closed to traffic and became one of the nation&#39;s first pedestrian malls.</p><br>
<p>Today, Lincoln Road features a state-of-the-art multiplex cinema, the architecturally acclaimed 1111 Lincoln Road parking garage, the acclaimed New World Center concert hall, the offices of Viacom Latin America, as well as over 200 designer boutiques, local merchants, national retail stores, and fine restaurants and bars. Lincoln Road is also home to the newly restored Colony Theatre, a performing arts venue, and ArtCenter/South Florida, a collection of studios and gallery spaces for artists. Street performers entertain a constant stream of tourists and locals on Lincoln Road. It is among the most popular destinations for visitors to the South Beach area.</p><br>
<p>In 2006, the Miami Beach Preservation Board approved the closure of traffic of the west end of Lincoln mall for the purpose of extending the popular pedestrian mall west to Alton Road.</p><br>
<p>In 2010, Raymond Jungles designed an additional block to add to the mall. Jungles&#39; created an urban oasis by using eye-catching materials and biofiltration plants.</p><br>
<p>In 2011, the Florida International University School of Architecture opened a sister campus to its main campus at University Park, on Lincoln Road, with classroom spaces for FIU architecture, art, music and theater graduate students.</p><br>
<p>On May 6, 2011, by recommendation of DOCOMOMO (Documentation and Conservation of the Modern Movement) led by architect Allan T. Shulman the thoroughfare was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Lincoln Road Mall.</p><br>
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<p>Clinton Lake is a reservoir on the southwestern edge of Lawrence, Kansas. The lake was created by the construction of the Clinton Dam, and the 35 square miles  of land and water is maintained by the USA Army Corps of Engineers.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Wakarusa Valley has had a history of violent floods before the construction of Clinton Lake. Previous floods had devastated the former towns of Belvoir, Bloomington and Sigil numerous times. With the construction of the lake, several towns were demolished including Sigil, Belvoir, and Bloomington, as well as Richland in Shawnee County.</p><br>
<p>Construction of the dam and lake was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1962 (Public Law 87-874), and funds were allocated for the project in 1971. Construction began in 1972, and the dam was completed in 1975. Impoundment began on November 30, 1977, yet the conservation pool was reached in 1980. Filling the reservoir slowly helped create a more hospitable environment for fish by allowing the native grass to remain on most of the upper lake-bed. In April 1981, the lake began multipurpose operations including flood control, water supply, and recreation.</p><br>
<h2>Hydrology</h2><br>
<p>Clinton Lake is formed mainly by the Wakarusa River coming east from Shawnee County. The Wakarusa River flows through the Clinton Dam and continues east south of Lawrence to the Kansas River near Eudora. Main tributaries include Deer Creek, Rock Creek, Washington Creek, Dry Creek, Coon Creek and Camp Creek.</p><br>
<p>Settlements along or near Clinton Lake include Clinton, Stull and Lawrence.</p><br>
<h2>Natural history</h2><br>
<p>The woods surrounding the lake are abundant with white tail deer, quail, turkey, doves, rabbits, and squirrels. Bald eagles, great blue heron, gulls, cormorants, and various types of migratory birds, including American white pelicans and Canada geese, can be seen above and around the lake at different times of the year. Clinton Lake is also well-stocked with fish.</p><br>
<h2>Economy</h2><br>
<p>Clinton Lake is the source of water for over 100,000 people in northeastern Kansas, making it the most relied on reservoir in the state. The lake also serves as a popular recreational area with four parks managed by the Army Corps of Engineers, and one park managed by the city of Lawrence. The lake offers opportunities for boating, fishing and other water sports. The surrounding land, part of which is Clinton State Park, allows access to mountain biking trails, camping, hiking, horseback riding, geocaching, hunting, picnicking and wildlife viewing.</p><br>
<p>The Clinton Lake Museum is located near the town of Clinton in an old milk shed that was once part of the town of Bloomington.</p><br>
<p>The Wakarusa Music and Camping Festival was held annually in June from 2004 through 2008 and featured a variety of music from bluegrass to hip hop.</p><br>
<h2>Protection</h2><br>
<p>In 2002 the Kaw Valley Heritage Alliance, a water quality advocacy group, published a Watershed Restoration And Protection Strategy (WRAPS) for the Upper Wakarusa watershed. Chief concerns were degrading lake conditions and increasing water supply needs. The WRAPS provided a structure for building cross-watershed to regional, grassroots to multi-agency stakeholder cooperation. A formal Wakarusa WRAPS leadership team was chartered in 2007.</p><br>
<p>Cat Island is a barrier island off the Gulf Coast of the United States. The island is named for raccoons which Spanish explorers mistook for cats. It is unknown who discovered Cat Island. It is within the jurisdiction of Harrison County, Mississippi. The western half and southern tip of the island is part of the Gulf Islands National Seashore.</p><br>
<h2>Formation and history</h2><br>
<p>Cat Island is a unique "T-shaped" island created by colliding Gulf of Mexico currents. Unlike the other Mississippi islands, Cat Island&#39;s sand beaches are backed by dense forests of slash pines and live oaks. Due to the dredging of the Gulfport ship channel, however, Cat Island has lost its natural westward flow of sediment which provided material for the island to combat erosion. Bayous and marshes on Cat Island are home to alligators and refuge to migratory birds.</p><br>
<p>During World War II, the island was base for the Cat Island War Dog Reception and Training Center where Americans sent family dogs to be trained by the USA Army Signal Corps for military service. The dogs were trained to sniff out Japanese Americans because of the belief that they had a distinct odor. This particular experiment was totally unsuccessful though dogs proved effective as an aid to sentries and advance scouts. This period of the island&#39;s history was featured on a June 2009 episode of the PBS series History Detectives.</p><br>
<p>The western half and southern tip of the island became part of the Gulf Islands National Seashore in 2002. The remainder of the island, including most of the beach, is still privately owned. The eastern beach is owned by BP, who purchased it in April 2011 to use in assisting cleanup of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill.</p><br>
<p>In 2005 Hurricane Katrina shrank the island by eliminating the southern tip. During the foul weather associated with Hurricane Patricia a commercial fisherman reported abundant redfish in the flooded bayous of the island.</p><br>
<p>Ancon Hill is a 654-foot hill that overlooks Panama City, Panama, adjacent to the township of Ancón. Ancón Hill is an area in Panama that was used for administration of the Panama Canal. It was under U.S. jurisdiction as part of the Panama Canal Zone until being returned to Panama in 1977. Largely undeveloped, the area is now a reserve. The hill includes the highest point in Panama City. The summit of the hill can be reached by a 30-minute hike. According to a local Ancon resident, at this time it is no longer possible to drive to the summit of Cerro Ancon . Relatively undeveloped it includes jungle in an otherwise urban area, and wildlife still survives cut off from other jungle areas. It is not uncommon to see sloths, white-nosed coati, nine-banded armadillos, Geoffroy&#39;s tamarins, or deer on Ancon Hill, which now has protected status. Its name is used as an acronym by a Panamanian environmental group, Asociación Nacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza .</p><br>
<p>The lower slopes contained residences and Gorgas Hospital. Higher up were the residence of the Governor of the Canal Zone and Quarry Heights, where the United States Southern Command was located. Quarry Heights was named for being adjacent to a large rock quarry on one side of the hill, which left a visible cliff face on one side. The hill contains an abandoned underground bunker once manned by the US Southern Command. At the top are two broadcast towers and a small road that reaches them. One-way vehicular traffic is now allowed during daylight hours. Hikers can use the road to reach the summit, and the hill is a popular jogging and hiking trek. Along the path, all manner of vegetation and birds can be seen, including a large number of orchids (which are protected by CITES).</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>When the pirate Henry Morgan sacked Panama City in 1671, his scouts first climbed Ancon Hill to gain knowledge of the local defenses. Ancon Hill overlooks the site of the new city, constructed after Morgan&#39;s destruction of the old one.</p><br>
<p>The hill became part of the land taken to build the canal and a national symbol in 1906 after Amelia Denis de Icaza wrote her poem about its annexation. Today this hill still boasts a large national flag at its summit.</p><br>
<p>The first ship to officially transit the Panama Canal in 1914, took its name from the hill and surrounding township.</p><br>
<p>When Panama regained control of the hill following the 1977 Panama Canal Treaty, one of the first things the country did was fly a large Panamanian flag atop the hill.</p><br>
<p>Kelly&#39;s Westport Inn is a famous drinking establishment in Westport, Kansas City, Missouri, constructed around 1850.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The grandson of Daniel Boone, Albert Gallatin Boone, operated a grocery there for a time. While some people believe that for a time, a tunnel running south connecting to a stable was part of the Underground Railroad helping slaves escape to the North (primarily Kansas, which is only one mile west), and that the tunnel still exists, running under the street to the stable, which is now also a drinking establishment called the Westport Saloon, Kyle Kelly (one of the Kelly brothers who own the establishment) himself says, "There are many tales of our old building and this is one of the more common ones. I do not believe that there ever was a tunnel from Kellys to any neighbor, but there certainly could have been. Our basement is interesting&#39; and may cause someone to believe it was a former tunnel because the basement under the front part of the building resembles a tunnel."</p><br>
<p>Sometime around 1900, the Wiedenmann family operated a grocery there, which catered to Kansas Citys elite. With the repeal of Prohibition, Phil Taggart rented the building and opened a saloon named the Wrestlers Inn. A few years later, Randal Kelly, born in County Clare, Ireland, became a bartender. He soon became a partner. The bar became a popular attraction, particularly during Saint Patricks Day, and continues to be a well loved destination.</p><br>
<p>In 1959 the building was designated a national historic landmark.</p><br>
<p>In 1996, Kansas City native Eddie Griffin used Kelly&#39;s as the inspiration for the setting of his sitcom Malcolm & Eddie, starring himself and Malcolm-Jamal Warner.</p><br>
<p>Lake Eustis is located in Central Florida, west of the city of Eustis. It covers approximately 7,000 acres . It is spring fed and is a member of the Harris Chain of Lakes, and is connected to Lake Harris by means of the Dead River. It is also connected to the St. Johns River via Haines Creek to Lake Griffin, and the Ocklawaha River. The St. Johns River continues north to Jacksonville and the Atlantic Ocean.</p><br>
<p>Other communities along the shores of Lake Eustis include Los Vegas to the north, Haines Creek to the northwest and Tavares on the southeastern shore.</p><br>
<p>Eustis Lake Walk built over and connected to the eastern shores of Lake Eustis affords sunset views and 20 boat slips and 4 gazebos amid shore front lake waters.</p><br>
<p>Sailing and fishing are some of the activities available at the lake.</p><br>
<p>For a historical look at Lake County waters, this was written in the 1930s:</p><br>
<p>amid the slopes and waters of beautiful Lake County, are Leesburg, Eustis, Tavares, and Mount Dora, all possessed of excellent tourist accommodations and such natural and man-made beauty, combined with all sorts of sport advantages, that the sport-loving visitor is thrilled.</p><br>
<p>Bass fishing surpasses anything you have ever known in that line. Citrus fruits and other products abound. Golf courses are found in every community. As an all-year resort section, this is hard to equal.</p><br>
<h2>Lake Eustis pupfish</h2><br>
<p>The Lake Eustis and the nearby lakes is the sole home of a species of pupfish named the Lake Eustis pupfish (cyprinodon variegatus hubbsi). The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission list the fish as a state species of special concern that is imperiled due to its small geographic distribution in heavily populated central Florida.</p><br>
<p>The Shawneetown Bank State Historic Site is a historic bank building located in the USA state of Illinois. A Greek Revival structure built in 1839-1841 in Old Shawneetown, Illinois, the former Bank of Illinois is currently owned by the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency.</p><br>
<h2>Pre-Civil War banking</h2><br>
<p>When the Bank of Illinois opened its doors in 1841, banks had the right to print and issue their own paper money. A piece of bank-issued paper money was called a "bank note." The money was supposed to be backed by gold and silver specie, and the Bank of Illinois was built with a large bank vault to contain the precious metals. If a person presented a bank note at a bank for payment, the bank was supposed to offer specie in exchange.</p><br>
<p>Pre-Civil War banks often had trouble meeting the specie requirement. The Bank of Illinois at Old Shawneetown suspended its operations in 1842, only one year after opening its new bank building. Although Old Shawneetown was a thriving Ohio River port at the time, the bank building remained empty until 1854, when the State Bank of Illinois opened operations in the handsome structure.</p><br>
<h2>Post-Civil War banking</h2><br>
<p>During the American Civil War, the Northern states, including Illinois, were troubled by inflation. To lessen inflation and begin to control the money supply, President Abraham Lincoln signed legislation that effectively banned small banks like the State Bank of Illinois from printing and issuing their own bank notes.</p><br>
<p>However, the economic policies set in place during the Civil War and followed the postwar Gilded Age were also good for American banks. By enforcing a gold standard, the federal government favored lenders. Most of the American states created statutes and case law that also favored lenders, enforced the collection of delinquent debts, and made banks and bankers key leaders of their communities.</p><br>
<h2>A disastrous flood</h2><br>
<p>The Great Depression of the 1930s shook the banking industry of the United States. A final blow to Old Shawneetown came with a severe flood of the Ohio River in spring 1937. Many Old Shawneetown riverfront homes and buildings were badly damaged, and the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration encouraged many of the people of Old Shawneetown to move up atop a nearby bluff, where a new town arose, called Shawneetown, Illinois or New Shawneetown. The Shawneetown Bank State Historic Site closed its bank vault for the last time in 1942.</p><br>
<h2>Current status</h2><br>
<p>Clinton Lake is a 4,900 acre reservoir located near Clinton, Illinois. The lake is a part of the Clinton Lake State Recreation Area, which encompasses 9,300 acre. Clinton Lake is located in the central part of the state. It was built in the 1970s as a cooling source for Clinton Nuclear Generating Station. The lake opened in 1978. Clinton Lake is one of the best lakes for catfish, and other gamefish. Boating power is unrestricted on the main body of the lake, and the upper arm of the lake is reserved as a no-wake area and some limited areas are reserved for electric trolling motors. There are six boat launches on the lake, as well as one canoe launch. There is also a 1,000 ft long white sand beach on the lake. Other activities at Clinton Lake include camping, boating, swimming, water skiing, fishing, hiking trails, pickniking, hunting, and winter sports.</p><br>
<p>The various access and public use areas around Clinton Lake are collectively known as Clinton Lake State Recreation Area. Although fishing and other water sport activities have been the main attraction at this site, a diversity of other recreational activities are provided as well. Hunting (by permit only), camping, picknicking, hiking and cross country ski facilities are also available. Snowmobiling is allowed if conditions are favorable. Horse owners may also make use of an equestrian trail.</p><br>
<p>Clinton Lake is less than a 4-hour drive from Chicago and St. Louis. It is approximately 30 miles from, and centrally located between, the cities of Champaign, Bloomington, Decatur and Lincoln. Access from the north or south is facilitated by Interstates 57 and 55 as well as USA 51, which passes within 10 miles of the lake. Interstates 72 and 74 provide access from the east or west. Illinois Route 10, 54 and 48 provide a direct route to the lake.</p><br>
<p>The sport fish community of Clinton Lake is composed of fishes common to central Illinois reservoirs: largemouth bass, bluegill, white crappie, black crappie, channel catfish, bullheads, flathead catfish, walleye, striped bass and hybrid striped bass.</p><br>
<p>The Marina is located on the south shoreline of the Salt Creek area of Clinton Lake, between the towns of Lane and Weldon, and is accessible from Illinois Route 10 or DeWitt County Highway 14.</p><br>
<p>(Information taken from the "Illinois Department of Natural Resource&#39;s CLINTON LAKE ACCESS AREAS AND FISHING GUIDE" by Gary Lutterbie, March 2006)</p><br>
<p>The Serpentine River is a river in the South West region of Western Australia.</p><br>
<p>The river rises in the Darling Scarp below Bowerling Hill and flows westward crossing Albany Highway North of North Bannister. The river continues North West through the Youarling State Forest then the Serpentine National Park. The river flows through Serpentine Dam then flows over Serpentine falls just south of Jarrahdale as it comes off the Scarp and onto the Swan Coastal Plain. The river continues West and crosses the South Western Highway then flows past the town of Serpentine. The river then veers South and continues until it discharges into the Peel Inlet near Mandurah, Western Australia.</p><br>
<p>The upper reaches of the river flow into Serpentine Dam which provides drinking water to the Perth metropolitan area.</p><br>
<p>The only tributary to Serpentine River is Big Brook. The river also flows through Kerulup Pool, Lake Amarillo and Goegrup Lake.</p><br>
<p>The river is known to have toxic algal blooms with the last occurring in 2007. Algal blooms usually occur after hot weather and in the upper reaches of the river.</p><br>
<p>Halleberg is a table mountain by lake Vänern in Vänersborg Municipality, Västergötland, Sweden.</p><br>
<p>Halleberg, part of which protrudes into Lake Vänern is separated in the south by about 500 m wide valley from the adjacent Hunneberg (also a table mountain). The northern part of Halleberg called Hallesnipen.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>Hallberg has an average height of about 90 m above lake Vänern, or 134 ft above sea level; the highest point is 155 m above sea level.</p><br>
<p>Halleberg consists of Cambrian, Ordovician and Permian rocks. The Palaeozoic rocks are deposited directly on the crystalline peneplain bedrock, which in this range consists of göta granite. The Cambrian sedimentary rocks are sandstone and alum shale. The sandstone layer is on average 24 m thick. Above this there is then a 0.3 m thick slate which in turn covered by about 24 m of alum shale. The Ordovician is represented by a calcareous slate. During the Permian it was pushed into diabase which lays as a protective cover and thus protect the mountain from erosion. The diabase on Västgötabergen known locally for staircases.</p><br>
<h2>Economic Geology</h2><br>
<p>Anthraconite, alum shale and diabase has previously been mined in several places on the mountain.</p><br>
<h2>Nature</h2><br>
<p>Around the food of the Halleberg are elongated scree of large stacked, sharp-edged boulders. In a few places, there are so-called steps, where there are roads or paths up the mountain. The vegetation on the mountain plateau is dominated by spruce and pine, and the expanse of bog, while on scree lower parts are more species. In contrast to Hunneberg, on Halleberg there is simply lake Hallsjön, three-kilometer long but narrow.</p><br>
<p>On Halleberg is the Ecopark Halle-Hunneberg (comprising the Halle- och Hunnebergs platåers naturreservat and the Halle- och Hunnebergs branters naturreservat).</p><br>
<h2>Halleberg Ancient Fortress</h2><br>
<p>Halleberg is also Scandinavia&#39;s largest hillfort (about 20 km&sup2;). It is almost completely naturally fortified by the mountain&#39;s steep slopes, large stone ramparts being primarily at the Storgårdsklev steps in the southwest. There are three stone ramparts, with a total length of 1,800 m, of which the longest is about 700 m long and 1 m high. Small ramparts have in passable gaps, for example at the Lilleskog and Björkås trappa staircase. The hill fort was built during the Migration Period of the 3rd-4th centuries. It was a refuge during the Swedish-Danish wars of the 15th-17th centuries, for example during the Gyldenløve War in 1676, but also during Gustav III&#39;s Russian War of 1788. The Danes only managed to conquer the castle once, in 1612. During the Basse War (Bassefejden in Swedish) of 1490–1510, Halleberg was besieged for seven years.</p><br>
<p>The place name (in about 1325 Haal), had previously only a hall, including a &#39;rock face&#39; entrance hall, a &#39;cliff&#39; or similar.</p><br>
<h2>Halleberg in mythology</h2><br>
<p>Halleberg is considered by some to be the location of Valhalla. Part of the mountain is still called Häcklan. One of Odin&#39;s name was Häcklaman.</p><br>
<p>The Maloti Mountains, also spelled Maluti , are a mountain range of the highlands of the Kingdom of Lesotho. They extend for about 100 km into the Free State. The Maloti Range is part of the Drakensberg system that includes ranges across large areas of South Africa. “Maloti” is also the plural for Loti, the currency of the Kingdom of Lesotho. The range forms the northern portion of the boundary between the Butha-Buthe District in Lesotho and South Africa’s Free State.</p><br>
<h2>Physiography</h2><br>
<p>The range forms a high alpine basalt plateau up to 3,400 m in height. It is located between Butha-Buthe District in Lesotho and the Free State Province of South Africa. The highest point, 3,482 m high Thabana Ntlenyana, is located in the north-east of the range. It is the highest peak of Southern Africa, and the highest in Africa south of the Kilimanjaro. The 3,291 m high Namahadipiek, the highest mountain in the Free State, is also part of the Maloti Range. The mountains form a continuous upland area of rounded peaks with incised deep valleys on the flanks which drain into the Senqu River. Snow and frost may be found even in summer on the highest peaks.</p><br>
<p>The bioregion is made up of sandstone and shale overlain by basalt. The mountain’s rough terrain makes it less accessible to visitors and prevented any significant exploitation of its mineral resources. The topography differs between the two countries. In Lesotho, the mountain range is made up of a continuous landscape of more rounded mountains with deep valleys that drain into Lesotho’s Senqu River, known as the Orange River in South Africa. In South Africa, sheer basalt cliffs drop off from the transfrontier into foothills composed of sandstone. This rock is incised by the rivers that flow eastwards.</p><br>
<h2>Drainage</h2><br>
<p>The area is usually dry between May and September, which are largely winter months. It experiences snow every month of the year. The snow and drainage, which includes the Orange River, Tugela River and the tributaries of the Caledon River make this the source of much of Southern Africa’s fresh water.</p><br>
<p>The sources of two of the principal rivers in South Africa, the Orange River, known as Senqu in Lesotho, and the Tugela River, are in these mountains. Tributaries of the Caledon River, known as Mohokare in Lesotho, which forms the country&#39;s western border, also rise here, and the Makhaleng River rises on the flanks of Machache (2,886 m).</p><br>
<h2>Economic activities</h2><br>
<p>The two countries are also largely economically different—with Lesotho being one of the least developed countries in the world and South Africa being among Africa’s biggest economies. Socially, Lesotho and the Orange Free State both have Sotho as the dominant culture. Like much of Lesotho, this bioregion is significantly rural and with limited commercial activity. South Africa has established and diversified the economy of the area, using it for agriculture and tourism. The topography in the South African portion makes it more accessible and useful for livestock farming, crop production and tourism. Temperature extremes in winter and summer also cause seasonal limitations.</p><br>
<h2>Protected areas</h2><br>
<p>In the early 1980s, officials from Lesotho approached the Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife (previously known as the Natal Parks Board) to propose the collaborative management of the bioregion to protect its natural and cultural heritage. This eventually led to the signing of the Giant’s Castle Declaration in 1997. Since then the two countries have been making a concerted effort towards the protection and sustainable use of the Maloti-Drakensberg Mountains.</p><br>
<p>The Golden Gate Highlands National Park includes parts of the northeastern end of the Maloti Range. Other parks in this high mountain area are the Sehlabathebe National Park in Lesotho and the uKhahlamba / Drakensberg Park spanning parts of both KwaZulu-Natal province and Lesotho. These parks are part of the Maloti-Drakensberg Transfrontier Conservation Area.</p><br>
<p>Sierra de las Nieves is a mountain range of the Penibaetic System in Málaga Province, Andalusia, Spain. Its highest point is the 1,919 m high La Torrecilla peak. Enamorados  is another notable peak.</p><br>
<p>The Sierra de las Nieves is named after the snow that sometimes covers its heights in the winter and that used to be gathered in ice pits for local use.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>This mountain range is part of the Serranía de Ronda ranges, located near Ronda inland from the Costa del Sol, to the east of the road to Ronda from Marbella. The easiest route to reach it is from Ronda town.</p><br>
<p>The Sierra de las Nieves is a karstic range with some impressive shafts and caves. It is composed of a few subranges such as the Sierra de la Nieve, Sierra del Pinar and Sierra de Tolox. Rivers Guadalevín, which is well known for having cut the deep Tajo de Ronda canyon, El Burgo River, Alfaguara River, flowing through Tolox, the Río Grande, a tributary of the Guadalhorce, and for the Río Verde whose dam near Istán provides water to the Costa del Sol, have their sources in this range.</p><br>
<p>Part of the area of the Sierra de las Nieves is a protected area since 1989 as the Sierra de las Nieves Natural Park located in the heart of the range and a biosphere reserve since 1995.</p><br>
<h2>Biodiversity</h2><br>
<p>The park possesses a huge natural wealth, with really different fauna and flora. Some plant here are endemic, like the Spanish Fir (Abies pinsapo) or the Gall Oak. Other animal species such as the ibex or the otter maintain in this reserve populations of stable individual species. There is one Spanish Fir, the Pinsapo de Las Escaleretas, which has been declared a natural monument. The park also has a chestnut 800 or 1000 years old, the Castaño Santo.</p><br>
<p>Falcon Lake is located in the Whiteshell Provincial Park in southeastern Manitoba, Canada. The lake is about 152 kilometres east of Winnipeg on the Trans-Canada Highway near the Ontario border. The lake is named for Métis poet and songwriter Pierre Falcon .</p><br>
<p>It is known in Ufology for the May 20, 1967 UFO sighting known as the Falcon Lake Incident.</p><br>
<p>The 2010 album The Falcon Lake Incident was recorded at a cottage on Falcon Lake by Canadian singer-songwriter Jim Bryson.</p><br>
<p>The lake inspired the name of TV series Falcon Beach although that fictional location is set on another Manitoba Lake. The lake was also a favourite summer destination of Neil Young, who wrote a song entitled "Falcon Lake" while with the Buffalo Springfield.</p><br>
<h2>Climate</h2><br>
<p>Under the Köppen climatic classification Falcon Lake has a humid continental climate with warm and sometimes hot summers and extremely cold winters.</p><br>
<p>Fayetteville National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located on the southern side of the city of Fayetteville in Washington County, Arkansas. It encompasses nearly 15 acre and as of April 2017, had 9,830 interments.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original plot of 6 acre of land for the National Cemetery was purchased in 1867 from Judge David Walker and Stephen Stone, names also associated with the historic Walker-Stone House in Fayetteville. The original layout was of an outer circle surrounding a six-pointed star with diamonds between the points of the star and a flagpole in the center. There were eighteen sections with an estimated capacity of 1,800 graves. The first interments were remains moved from battlefield cemeteries of the Battle of Prairie Grove and the Battle of Pea Ridge. By 1871 there were 1,200 interments made in the cemetery, most of which were unidentified.</p><br>
<p>During World War II the cemetery was enlarged, the layout was revised, and five more sections were added.</p><br>
<p>In 1989, the Regional National Cemetery Improvement Corporation (RNCIC - a group of locals, veterans, and other concerned benefactors) raised enough money to purchase an additional 3 acres of land, and donated it to the cemetery. The group continued their efforts over the years and donated numerous plots of land. In their latest and largest donation they donated 2.3 acres in ceremonies at the National Cemetery on November 9, 2013.</p><br>
<p>Fayetteville National Cemetery was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 28, 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Notable monuments</h2><br>
<p>The Revolutionary War Soldier Memorial, erected in the early 1990s.</p><br>
<p>The Purple Heart Memorial, erected in 2000 to honor Purple Heart recipients.</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>Clarence B. Craft, Medal of Honor recipient</p><br>
<p>Vance Randolph, noted Ozarks folklorist and author</p><br>
<p>Fort Harrison National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located seven miles  south of the city of Richmond, in Henrico County, Virginia. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, It encompasses 1.5 acre, and as of the end of 2005, had 1,570 interments.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery was established in 1866. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Established after the American Civil War as a place to reinter the Union dead from the various battlefield sites around the area, including from the Battle of Chaffin&#39;s Farm. The majority of interments at the cemetery are unknown, and also includes four Confederate prisoners of war that were held at the Fort during the time it was held by the Union.</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>Private George A. Buchanan (1842–1864), Medal of Honor recipient for action at the Battle of Chaffin&#39;s Farm during the Civil War.</p><br>
<p>El Frontón is an island off the coast of Callao, Peru.</p><br>
<p>For much of El Frontón&#39;s history, the island was used as a prison. Fernando Belaúnde Terry, who was twice president of Peru, was imprisoned on the island as a political prisoner. During his imprisonment, Belaúnde Terry made an unsuccessful attempt to swim to freedom. Hugo Blanco was also imprisoned on the island.</p><br>
<p>During the insurgency of the Shining Path, the island was used as a prison for Maoist militants. On June 18, 1986, the Shining Path led an uprising on El Frontón as well as two other prisons. The government of Alan García treated the prisons as war zones, and the Peruvian Navy was sent to the island. Many of the prisoners involved in the rebellion were killed, and Human Rights Watch claimed that evidence suggested that "no fewer than ninety" of the prisoners killed were victims of extrajudicial executions.</p><br>
<p>The behavior of the Peruvian Government during the uprising in the prison led to http://www.corteidh.or.cr/expediente_caso.cfm?id_caso=39 censure by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.</p><br>
<p>Camp Chase was a military staging and training camp established in Columbus, Ohio in May 1861 after the start of the American Civil War. It also included a large Union-operated prison camp for Confederate prisoners during the American Civil War.</p><br>
<p>The camp was closed and dismantled after the war, and the site has been redeveloped for residential and commercial use, except for the Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery containing 2,260 graves of Confederates who died in captivity. Camp Chase was located in what is now the Hilltop neighborhood of Columbus, Ohio. Camp Chase is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Camp Chase was a Civil War camp established in May 1861, on land leased by the USA Government. It replaced the much smaller Camp Jackson operating from a city park. The main entrance was on the National Road 4 mi west of Downtown Columbus, Ohio. Boundaries of the camp were present-day Broad Street (north), Hague Avenue (east), Sullivant Avenue (south), and near Westgate Avenue (west). Named for former Ohio Governor Salmon P. Chase, who was Lincolns Secretary of the Treasury, it was a training camp for Ohio volunteer army soldiers, a parole camp, a muster outpost, and later a prisoner-of-war camp. The nearby Camp Thomas served as a similar base for the Regular Army. As many as 150,000 Union soldiers and 25,000 Confederate prisoners passed through its gates from 1861–1865. By February 1865, over 9,400 men were held at the prison. More than 2,200 Confederates are buried in the Camp Chase Cemetery.western Virginia and Kentucky civilians suspected of actively supporting secession, including former three-term United States Congressman Richard Henry Stanton. The prison camp held Confederates captured during Morgans Raid in 1863, including Col. Basil W. Duke.</p><br>
<p>The camp was closed in 1865, and by September 1867, dismantled buildings, usable items, and 450 patients from Tripler Military Hospital (also in Columbus) were transferred to the National Soldier&#39;s Home in Dayton. In 1895, former Union soldier William H. Knauss organized the first memorial service at the cemetery. In 1906 he published a history of the camp.</p><br>
<p>The Confederate Soldier Memorial was dedicated in 1902. From 1912 to 1994, the United Daughters of the Confederacy held annual services to commemorate Confederate soldiers who had been held and died there. The Hilltop Historical Society now sponsors the event on the second Sunday in June.</p><br>
<h2>The Lady in Gray</h2><br>
<p>The Lady in Gray is purportedly an apparition that haunts Camp Chase Cemetery. The story goes that the ghost is looking for her lost love, and cannot find him in the cemetery. The woman is described as young, in her late teens or early twenties, dressed entirely in gray, and carrying a clean white handkerchief. The legend of the Lady in Gray dates back to just after the Civil War, when visitors to Camp Chase spotted the woman walking through the cemetery, trying to read the carved names on the marked grave markers. She was seen quite often for several years, before disappearing completely.</p><br>
<h2>Camp Chase today</h2><br>
<p>Aside from the two-acre Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery, the land that formerly housed Camp Chase has been redeveloped as a residential and commercial area known as Westgate. A corner stone to the camp is located in front of the Westgate #623 Masonic Temple, in a community in the Hilltop section of west Columbus. This development was built in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Camp Chase is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Tsaritsani or Tsiaritsiani  is a village and a community of the Elassona municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform, it was an independent community. The 2011 census recorded 2,040 inhabitants in the village.</p><br>
<h2>Population</h2><br>
<p>According to the 2011 census, the population of the settlement of Tsaritsani was 2,040 people, a decrease of almost 12% compared with the population of the previous census of 2001.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Tsaritsani lies in the northwestern part of Larissa regional unit, 40 km from Larissa, at the foot of Mount Olympus. It has a land area of 57.791 km². Its geography includes farmlands in the valley areas, the mountains are around the area as well as grasslands, ledges are to be founded in some areas and barren area in the higher elevations.</p><br>
<h2>Economy</h2><br>
<p>The population of Tsaritsani is occupied in animal husbandry, agriculture (mainly grain, vegetables and tobacco) and winery.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The name of Tsaritsani is of Slavic origin, most likely from Tsar or Tsaritsa. The village participated in the Greek War of Independence and offered fighters to the Sacred Band.</p><br>
<p>The first guerilla groups of the Greek People&#39;s Liberation Army in the area were created from residents of Tsaritsani. The village witnessed mass execution of its people twice, on 12 March 1943 and on 20 August 1944 by the Italian and German occupation forces respectively. As a result, Tsaritsani is a stronghold of the left. In the European Parliament elections of 2014 the Communist Party of Greece received a 30.83% share of the vote in the village, when its nationwide share was 6.11%.</p><br>
<h2>Sports</h2><br>
<p>Tsaritsani is home to Oikonomos Tsaritsani, a football club that has competed in the third tier of Greek football. Greek international footballer Giorgos Mitsibonas, a Tsaritsani native, started his career from the club.</p><br>
<p>Gurla Mandhata, or Naimonanyi or Memo Nani is the highest peak of the Nalakankar Himal, a small subrange of the Himalaya. It lies in Burang County of the Ngari Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, near the northwest corner of Nepal. It is the 34th highest peak in the world . It is also notable for being well within the Tibetan Plateau  and relatively far away from other peaks of height greater than 7500 metres. It sits roughly across Lake Manasarowar from the sacred peak of Mount Kailash. The Tibetan name, Naimona&#39;nyi, is said to come from naimo="herbal medicine", na="black", nyi="heaped-up slabs", giving "the mountain of heaped-up slabs of black herbal medicine."</p><br>
<h2>Climbing history</h2><br>
<p>In 1905 T. G. Longstaff, accompanied by two alpine guides and six porters, made an attempt on Gurla Mandhata. They turned back at around 7,000 m after being caught in an avalanche and encountering other difficulties. This was a strong achievement for the time, especially for such a small group; at that time no summit of over 7,000 m had yet been climbed and Longstaff&#39;s height represented a world altitude record.</p><br>
<p>The first ascent of the peak was by a joint Japanese/Chinese team led by Katsutoshi Hirabayashi, via the north side of the peak, in May 1985.</p><br>
<p>In 1997, an attempt was made to ascend the peak via the then-unclimbed North Face route by Quinn Simons, Soren Peters, and their guide, Charlie Fowler. The team made a valiant effort, climbing high on the mountain, but after severe storms and other difficulties had to retreat. Their descent ended in a fall of some 450 m down the North Face of the peak. Fowler was slightly injured, while Simons and Peters both suffered extreme frostbite on their extremities.</p><br>
<p>The standard ascent route climbs the western flanks of the mountain ascending the Chaglung&#39;mlungha Glacier to the summit plateau. Most teams choose to approach the mountain over land by jeep from either Lhasa, Tibet, or Kathmandu, Nepal. However, an alternate approach begins in the mountain hamlet of Simikot, Nepal, in the remote Humla district of west Nepal and follows the Karnali River northward, crossing into Tibet (China) in the village of Sher. Jeeps then take climbers north through Taklakot (Burang) to basecamp on the mountain.</p><br>
<p>The Bristol Virginia-Tennessee Slogan Sign is a landmark in the twin cities of Bristol, Virginia and Bristol, Tennessee, United States. The sign is positioned over State Street, a roadway along the border separating the two states. Although the landmark is technically located in both Tennessee and Virginia, the National Register considers the location as Tennessee.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1901, the center of Main Street was officially designated as the state line separating Tennessee and Virginia by the United States Congress. The street has since been renamed State Street.</p><br>
<p>According to the Bristol Historical Associations booklet The Historical Bristol Sign, the Bristol Gas and Electric Company donated and erected the sign atop a hardware store in 1910 to advertise the city. The sign originally contained the lighted slogan PUSH! - THATS BRISTOL referring to the hopes of continued growth and future prosperity for the two cities. In 1915, the sign was moved to its current location. In 1921, a contest was held in order to select a new slogan. The winning slogan, A GOOD PLACE TO LIVE, has remained the slogan ever since. The sign is featured at the beginning of a 2016 commercial for GEICO insurance.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<h2>Technical details</h2><br>
<p>The lighted sign currently contains 1,332 light bulbs.</p><br>
<p>The Embassy of the United States of America in Baghdad is the diplomatic mission of United States of America in the Republic of Iraq. Ambassador Douglas A. Silliman is currently the Chief of Mission.</p><br>
<p>At 104 acres, it is the largest and most expensive embassy in the world, and is nearly as large as Vatican City. The embassy complex is about five times the size of the USA Embassy in Yerevan, which is the second largest USA diplomatic mission abroad, and over ten times the size of the USA Embassy in Beijing, which is the third largest USA diplomatic mission abroad.</p><br>
<p>The Embassy opened in January 2009 following a series of construction delays. It replaced the previous embassy, which opened July 1, 2004 in Baghdad&#39;s Green Zone in a former Palace of Saddam Hussein. The embassy complex cost $750 million to build and reached a peak staffing of 16,000 employees and contractors in 2012.</p><br>
<h2>Old embassy</h2><br>
<p>The United States established diplomatic relations with Iraq in 1930 and opened a legation in Baghdad. The legation was upgraded to an embassy in 1946. A new building was designed by Josep Lluís Sert in 1955 and completed in 1957, with its main priority on keeping the building cool rather than security. This building remained the embassy until the Six-Day War of 1967, when the Arab countries broke off diplomatic relations with the United States.</p><br>
<p>In 1972, the embassy became the USA Interests Section of the Belgian Embassy to Iraq, as Belgium was the protecting power for the United States in Iraq. The USA Interests Section was again upgraded to an embassy in 1984 after the resumption of USA-Iraqi diplomatic relations. The building lost its embassy status just before the Gulf War, which caused a second breach of diplomatic relations between the two countries. The USA Interests Section was then re-established with Poland as the protecting power.</p><br>
<h2>Republican Palace</h2><br>
<p>In 2003, the United States invaded Iraq and overthrew the government of Saddam Hussein. The USA then established diplomatic relations with the new Iraqi government. Because the old USA embassy was located outside of the Green Zone, it was deemed unsafe for American diplomats and remained deserted. A temporary embassy was established in the Republican Palace.</p><br>
<h2>New embassy</h2><br>
<p>A new embassy was constructed along the Tigris River, west of the Arbataash Tamuz Bridge, and facing Al-Kindi street to the north. The embassy is a permanent structure which has provided a new base for the 5,500 Americans currently living and working in Baghdad. During construction, the US government kept many aspects of the project under wraps, with many details released only in a USA Senate Foreign Relations Committee report. Apart from the 1,000 regular employees, up to 3,000 additional staff members have been hired, including security personnel.</p><br>
<p>With construction beginning in mid-2005, the original target completion date was September 2007. "A week after submitting his FY2006 budget to Congress, the President sent Congress an FY2005 emergency supplemental funding request. Included in the supplemental is more than $1.3 billion for the embassy in Iraq..." An emergency supplemental appropriation (H.R. 1268/P.L. 109-13), which included $592 million for embassy construction, was signed into law on May 11, 2005. According to the Department of State, this funding was all that was needed for construction of the USA Embassy in Baghdad. However, Walter Pincus of the Washington Post found that the new embassy had cost more than $700 million by 2012, and Business Insider reported in 2013 that the cost of the embassy had surpassed $750 million. The Obama administration requested more than $100 million for a "massive" upgrade to the embassy compound in 2012. As of 2006, construction was being led by the Kuwaiti firm First Kuwaiti Trading & Contracting,</p><br>
<p>The embassy has extensive housing and infrastructure facilities in addition to the usual diplomatic buildings. The buildings include:</p><br>
<p>Six apartment buildings for employees</p><br>
<p>Water and waste treatment facilities</p><br>
<p>A power station</p><br>
<p>Two "major diplomatic office buildings"</p><br>
<p>Recreation, including a gym, cinema, several tennis courts and an Olympic-size swimming pool</p><br>
<p>The complex is heavily fortified, even by the standards of the Green Zone. The details are largely secret, but it is likely to include a significant US Marine Security Guard detachment. Fortifications include deep security perimeters, buildings reinforced beyond the usual standard, and five highly guarded entrances.</p><br>
<p>On October 5, 2007, the Associated Press reported the initial target completion date of September would not be met, and that it was unlikely any buildings would be occupied until 2008. In May 2008, US diplomats began moving into the embassy.</p><br>
<h3>Staff drawdown</h3><br>
<p>The embassy formally opened over a year behind schedule in January 2009 with a staff of over 16,000 people, mostly contractors, but including 2,000 diplomats. In February 2012, weeks after the final departure of US Military forces from Iraq, the State Department announced that the staff would be greatly reduced because of budget concerns and a re-evaluation of diplomatic strategy in Iraq, in light of the military withdrawal.</p><br>
<h2>Controversy</h2><br>
<p>There have been allegations of unethical practices and human trafficking by First Kuwaiti General Trading and Contracting Company, a contractor engaged during the construction of the new embassy.</p><br>
<p>Winchester National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Winchester in Frederick County, Virginia. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, it encompasses 4.9 acre, and as of the end of 2005, it had 5,561 interments. It is closed to new interments.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The land around Winchester National Cemetery was used for burials as early as 1862, but after the Civil War additional land was appropriated by the federal government and it was officially dedicated on April 8, 1866. The land was not legally transferred to the USA government until Dec. 1, 1870, when the landowner, Jacob Baker, was paid $1,500 for the 4.89 acre tract and the deed was signed and executed.</p><br>
<p>Numerous Union soldiers from surrounding battlefields were reinterred here, including those from the different battles of Winchester, the Battle of Front Royal, Battle of New Market, Battle of Harpers Ferry, as well as actions at Snickers Gap, Martinsburg, West Virginia, and Romney, West Virginia.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery grounds underwent significant renovations during the 1930s, adding walls, maintenance buildings, and improving the headstones.</p><br>
<p>Winchester National Cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<h2>Notable monuments</h2><br>
<p>There are 14 monuments to Union regiments, corps, and states that either are represented by some of the soldiers buried in the cemetery and/or had participants in the 3rd Battle of Winchester. The oldest monument dates to 1864 and was erected for the 38th Massachusetts Infantry. The monuments are as follows:</p><br>
<p>12th Connecticut Infantry Monument (erected by the state of Connecticut on Oct. 19, 1890)</p><br>
<p>13th Connecticut Infantry Monument (erected by the state of Connecticut)</p><br>
<p>18th Connecticut Infantry Monument (erected by the state of Connecticut)</p><br>
<p>14th New Hampshire Infantry Monument (erected 1868)</p><br>
<p>114th New York Infantry Monument (erected by the state of New York)</p><br>
<p>123rd Ohio Infantry Regiment Monument (installed in 1899 by the State of Ohio)</p><br>
<p>34th Massachusetts Infantry Monument which includes a marble bust of Col. George D. Wells that sits atop a granite base</p><br>
<p>38th Massachusetts Infantry Monument (erected 1864)</p><br>
<p>3rd Massachusetts Cavalry Monument (dedicated in 1888)</p><br>
<p>a Massachusetts Monument features a bronze soldier atop a granite base (erected by the State of Massachusetts in 1907)</p><br>
<p>a Pennsylvania Monument (erected in 1890 by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)</p><br>
<p>two monuments for the 8th Vermont Infantry (one of these was erected in 1885 by Herbert E. Hill)</p><br>
<p>a monument to the 6th Army Corps (erected shortly after the Civil War).</p><br>
<p>There are also two "monuments," typical to National Cemeteries created for reinterred Union soldiers. They are both seven feet, six inches (152 mm) in height, and are made of an original cast iron seacoast artillery tube, secured by a concrete base. One is located on each side of the flagpole. There is no inscription on either monument.</p><br>
<p>An upright historical marker typical of those erected by the Virginia Department of Historic Resources is also near the opening of the cemetery, with a focus on the Third Battle of Winchester.</p><br>
<p>Wilmington National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Wilmington, in New Hanover County, North Carolina. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, it encompasses 5.1 acre, and as of the end of 2005, had 6,171 interred remains.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1867, the land for Wilmington National Cemetery was purchased by the federal government. Most of the original interments were remains moved from Wilmington City Cemetery and nearby forts, such as Fort Fisher. By 1870 there were over 2,000 interments.</p><br>
<p>In 1918, there was an outbreak of influenza on board a ship docked at the Cape Fear River which was carrying a group of Puerto Rican laborers to Fayetteville, North Carolina to aid in the construction of Camp Bragg. Twenty-eight of the laborers died from the disease and were interred at Wilmington National Cemetery.</p><br>
<p>Wilmington National Cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>George "Possum" Whitted, major league baseball player, World War I veteran.</p><br>
<p>There is one British Commonwealth war grave, of a Royal Artillery Gunner of World War II.</p><br>
<p>Veøya  is an island in Molde Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located at a junction of the three main branches of Romsdal Fjord between the island of Sekken and the mainland near the village of Nesjestranda. The 6 km&sup2; island was the municipal centre of the old Veøy municipality. The island was Norway&#39;s first legally protected land, and the buildings on the island, including the Old Veøy Church, are now part of the Romsdal Museum.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The island was a strategic location for the coastal routes during the Viking Age. The southern branch of Romsdal Fjord leads to the Romsdal valley (and the present-day town of Åndalsnes), where important trade routes led up the valley to Lesja. From there it followed the pilgrim trail over Dovre to Trøndelag, or down the Gudbrandsdal valley to Eastern Norway. The eastern branch led through the Langfjorden where they hauled their ships over the 5 km wide, low-lying isthmus at Eidsvåg, in order to avoid the dreaded waters of Hustadvika, and then back to the shipping routes northwards to Nidaros (modern day Trondheim). To the west, past the inlet of the fjord, were the southbound routes to Bergen.</p><br>
<p>At this junction, Veøy was established as a kaupang (Old Norse for a market town), and Romsdal’s economic, administrative, and religious center. It had 300-500 permanent residents, and was an important commercial center, with a significant increase during the sailing season. The Old Veøy Church, dedicated to the Apostle Peter, is built in stone and it is the only survivor of three churches on Veøya in the Middle Ages. This church dates back to around the year 1200. It has a capacity of 400 people, and served the entire region, while the other churches served the local population.</p><br>
<p>Veøya is mentioned by Snorre Sturlason in connection with the battle of Sekken in 1162 where king Håkon Herdebrei was killed by Erling Skakke on 7 July 1162, during the Norwegian civil wars. Veøya, or nearby on the mainland, was probably the seat of Ragnvald Eysteinsson (Ragnvald Mørejarl), earl of Møre, whose son was Hrolf Ganger (Gange-Rolv).</p><br>
<p>The island became the seat for the municipality of Veøy in 1838. On 1 January 1964 the islands Sekken and Veøya as well as the Nesjestranda district on the mainland, with 756 inhabitants in total, were incorporated into the neighboring Molde Municipality. The island was Norway&#39;s first legally protected land, and the buildings on the island are now part of the Romsdal museum.</p><br>
<p>Calvary Presbyterian Church  is a Victorian Gothic church located in the Marquette University district of downtown Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1986.</p><br>
<p>The first Presbyterian congregation in Milwaukee was started by Reverend Cutting Marsh in 1837, and eventually became First Presbyterian. In 1849 North Presbyterian split off. In 1869, the Presbyterians on the west side wanted their own church, and some left each of the previous congregations to form Calvary. Calvary&#39;s first officers were John Plankinton, James B. Bradford, and Samuel C. West - all wealthy businessmen.</p><br>
<p>They built their grand church in 1870, designed by Milwaukee architects Henry C. Koch and Julius Hess in Gothic Revival style. It sits on a foundation of ashlar limestone. The body of the structure is cream city brick, a light-colored brick kilned from local clay, with accents of Ohio sandstone. The exterior has since been painted a bright red color. The ridge of the nave is 85 feet high. On one side is a 105-foot tower with a spire clad in pressed metal. On the other side is a huge 202-foot tower with a slate-clad spire. Both towers are buttressed and topped with crosses. The main entrance stands between the towers, beneath a rose window within a larger window.</p><br>
<p>For the 1870 construction, the builder was Simeon Babcock, the mason was Hiram R. Bond, ironwork was done by Wm. Bayley and Wm. Greenslade, and John Harding painted frescoes. In 1910 a pastors study and church office were added to the buildings southwest corner. After a fire in 1947, the south end of the nave and roof were repaired. In 1957 a classroom wing was added to the southeast corner of the building.</p><br>
<p>Calvary Church features an indoor prayer labyrinth laid into the floor. Its design was inspired by a 12th-century labyrinth found at the Cathedral of Chartres in Chartres, France, and has eleven circuits with a rosette center.</p><br>
<p>The WHS survey of 1986 noted that Calvarys building is "one of the best preserved Gothic churches in the city from the period immediately following the Civil War" and "one of Milwaukees oldest in continuous use."</p><br>
<p>Bygdin is a lake in the Jotunheimen mountain range. Bygdin is regulated and its normal level lies between 1,048 and 1,057 meters above sea level. It has an area of 46&thinsp;km². The lake is long 25&thinsp;km, but is narrow. The greatest depth is 215&thinsp;m.</p><br>
<p>Bygdin lies to the southeast in Jotunheim and north of the lake lies an area over 2,000&thinsp;m. Along the lake there are many tourist huts &ndash; on the west end lies Eidsbugarden, on the north side lies Torfinnsbu and on the east side lies Bygdin turisthytte. In the summer these huts are connected by boat and in winter by ski or snowmobile. A memorial was raised in 1909 to the Norwegian poet Aasmund Olavsson Vinje at the western end of Lake Bygdin at Eidsbugarden on the outskirts of Jotunheim National Park where he had a private hut. Friends and followers commemorated his contribution to appreciation of Norwegian nature and strengthening of the Norwegian national identity. Today Eidsbugarden is a rather large mountain tourist centre, with a hotel from 1909 which is being restored to reopen in the summer 2007, a Norwegian Mountain Touring Association (DNT) cabin and approximately 160 private huts.</p><br>
<p>The Vinsteråni river runs out Bygdin, passes through Vinstervatna and Vinstra lakes and flows into the Gudbrandsdalslågen river.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>The name (Old Norse *Bygðir) is derived from Norse bugr m bending, nook, bay. This is referring to the "bent" form of the lake.</p><br>
<p>See also Gjende.</p><br>
<p>Bristol Municipal Stadium, also referred to as the Stone Castle, is an athletic facility located on the campus of Bristol Tennessee High School in Bristol, Tennessee. The structure features a design that is reminiscent of Medieval Gothic architecture and has a seating capacity of approximately 8,000. The stadium currently serves as the home field of the football team of Tennessee High School. The structure was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Bristol Municipal Stadium was built during the New Deal by the Works Progress Administration (WPA). It is one of two WPA stadiums in Tennessee that are still in use, the other being Crump Stadium in Memphis. Construction of Bristol Municipal Stadium began in 1934 and was completed in 1936. The construction cost of $34,000 was shared between the federal government and the city of Bristol. The stadium opened on October 8, 1936.</p><br>
<p>The stadium has been the home field for football teams not only for Tennessee High School, but also for Virginia High School in Bristol, Virginia, the two cities&#39; former segregated high schools for African-Americans (Slater High School in Bristol, Tennessee, and Douglass High School in Bristol, Virginia), King College and Emory & Henry College.</p><br>
<p>A renovation of the facility was completed in 1986 at a cost of $500,000.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The stadium is built of rough rubble limestone obtained from a WPA project nearby. Its design was influenced by Medieval Gothic architecture, featuring arched entries, 20 ft high crenellated walls, and unusual corner towers.</p><br>
<p>The Carryduff River  is a minor river in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is a direct tributary of the River Lagan and is not navigable.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>The river rises in Killinure townland, in the boggy ground at the northern base of Ouley Hill (186 metres), and is fed by numerous drainage ditches as it passes through the farmland to the south of the town of Carryduff. From here it passes beside Knockbracken open reservoir and flows north down through a gap in the Castlereagh Hills, renamed Purdy&#39;s Burn. It then flows into the Lagan Valley, and joins the River Lagan at Minnowburn.</p><br>
<p>The Carryduff River has been covered over and encased in a pipe for some of its urban stretches.</p><br>
<h2>Settlements and routes</h2><br>
<p>The original village of Carryduff grew up at the point where the routes south out of Belfast to Downpatrick and Newcastle, and the east-west routes from Hillsborough to the head of Strangford Lough, all met at the Carryduff River.</p><br>
<h2>Water quality</h2><br>
<p>Its water quality has been rated as BAD by the Dept of the Environment&#39;s water service.</p><br>
<p>Tyin is a lake in the southwest part of the Jotunheimen mountain range in Norway. The lake lies in Vang municipality in Oppland county, although a small portion extends into Årdal municipality in Sogn og Fjordane county. The western border follows, for a large part, the border between Vang and Årdal. In area it is 33.02 km². The lake serves as a reservoir for Tyin kraftverk and the water level is regulated between 1082.84 and 1072.50 m above sea level. The volume is 0.313 km³.</p><br>
<p>Along the south side of the lake goes the national highway, riksvei 53, (Tyin&ndash;Årdal) and along the east side goes riksvei 252 (Tyin&ndash;Eidsbugarden). The riksvei 252 is accessible from European route E16 via a 3 km link.</p><br>
<p>In 1869 the Norwegian Mountain Touring Association (DNT) built its first hut, which was located on the shores of Lake Tyin. Today the DNT’s tourist huts make this area, just to the south of Jotunheim National Park, one of the best developed touring areas in Europe. There are also a restricted number of private cabins by the lake.</p><br>
<h2>The name</h2><br>
<p>The name of the lake is derived from the name of the river Tya - the river that connects the lake to Årdalsvatnet and the Sognefjord. The meaning of the rivername is unknown.</p><br>
<p>Mount Dickey is a peak on the west side of the Ruth Gorge in the Central Alaska Range of mountains, 12 miles  southeast of Denali and 4 miles  southwest of The Moose&#39;s Tooth. Despite its relatively low elevation, it is notable for its east face, which has around a vertical mile  of sheer granite—it achieves this vertical gain in less than half a mile  horizontal distance. This is one of the tallest rock walls in the world, and the face has seen many world-class climbs.</p><br>
<p>Mount Dickey was first climbed on April 19, 1955 by David Fisher and the famous explorer, climber and cartographer Bradford Washburn, via the West Face, which is still the most popular route today. The route begins at a point in the Ruth Gorge southeast of the peak, ascends west under the formidable south face, then turns north and then east to ascend the south side of the gently sloping West Face. This route is relatively straightforward and short for an Alaskan climb (Alaska Grade 1). It is also the most common descent route for those who have climbed the extremely technical routes on the East Face.</p><br>
<p>Roger Cowles and Brian Okonek made the first winter ascent of Mount Dickey in February 1979.</p><br>
<p>The first route on the east side of the mountain was climbed in July 1974, by author-mountaineer David Roberts, photographer-mountaineer Galen Rowell, and Ed Ward. Their 5,100 foot (1,554 m) route climbed a pillar on the southeast face; most of their ascent was accomplished over four days. Perhaps the most famous other route on the mountain is the "Wine Bottle Route" on the right side of the east face, climbed in 1988 by Thomas Bonapace and Andreas Orgler. This is an exceptionally technical and long route, 5250 feet (1600 m) high. Other similarly challenging routes have been climbed on the mountain since.</p><br>
<h2>Sources</h2><br>
<p>American Alpine Journal, 1975, 1980, 1989, 2003.</p><br>
<p>Gjende  is a lake in the Jotunheimen mountains in Norway&#39;s Jotunheimen National Park. The proglacial lake shows typical characteristics of glacial formation, being long and narrow, with steep walls&mdash;18 km in length and only 1.5 km in width at the broadest point. Gjende has a characteristic light-green color resulting from the large quantity of rock flour which is discharged into the Gjende by the Muru river. The river Sjoa provides the outlet from Gjende at Gjendesheim, and flows eastward into the Gudbrandsdalslågen river.</p><br>
<p>Gjende lies in the middle of Jotunheimen National Park and both to the north and south of the lake lie peaks greater than 2,000 m. There are numerous staffed tourist cabins maintained by the Norwegian Mountain Touring Association (DNT); in the west end lies Gjendebu, on the north side lies Memurubu and on the east end lies Gjendesheim. In the summer boats provide transport between these locations.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>The name (Old Norse *Gendir) is derived from Norse gandr m staff, stick. This is referring to the form of the long and narrow lake.</p><br>
<p>See also Bygdin</p><br>
<h2>Cultural and literary references</h2><br>
<p>Lake Gjende is found in literature and travel books from the 18th century. Together, the Jotunheimen lakes of Gjende and Bygdin play in many such descriptions. For example, Henrik Ibsen&#39;s Peer Gynt took his famous wild-reindeer ride along "the Gjendin Ridge", a reference to either the narrow Besseggen Ridge - or the Knutshø ridge on the other side of lake Gjende.</p><br>
<p>The official name Gjende is taken from the Gudbrandsdal traditional district dialect used in Lom and Vågå. In the Vang dialect the lake is called Gjendin, which is the form you find in Henrik Ibsen&#39;s name for what is now called Besseggen, formerly Gjendineggen, or Gendineggen in the older orthography. The name Gjende is derived from the old Norse word "gandir" that can be translated into "straight stick", whereas the lake to the south Bygdin can be translated as "bent stick", the two names thereby referring to the shape of the lakes.</p><br>
<p>The lake gave its name to a famous early outdoors man and free thinker, Jo Gjende (1794&mdash;1884), who had a cabin at Gjende.</p><br>
<p>Buško Blato or Buško Jezero is an accumulation lake located on the south side of Livanjsko Polje and northwest of Duvanjsko Polje in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The name is also a reference to the area surrounding the lake which includes a number of villages, of which Prisoje is the largest.</p><br>
<p>The actual lake is elevated 716 m above sea level, has an area of 55.8 km² and a total volume of 782 million m³. One third of the area falls under the jurisdiction of the municipality of Livno while the remaining two-thirds belongs to the municipality of Tomislavgrad. The total area of Buško Blato makes it one of the largest accumulation lakes in all of Europe.</p><br>
<p>Buško Blato (blato meaning mud or swamp in Bosnian) was essentially farmland up until 1974 when it was officially converted into a lake. It was built to provide electricity for the Dalmatian coastline. The governments of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia (republics within Yugoslavia at the time) worked together on a project to build a hydroelectric power plant in Rudo (municipality of Otok in Croatia) called Orlovac that would have an output of 237 MW and an average annual yield of 366 GWh.</p><br>
<p>The lake also consists of a rich and wide assortment of fish such as carp, trout, minnow-nase, Prussian carp, and chub.</p><br>
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<p>Lake Petén Itzá  is a lake in the northern Petén Department in Guatemala. It is the second largest lake in Guatemala, after the Izabal Lake. It is located around {{coord|16|59|0|N|89|48|0|W|type:waterbody_region:GT}}. It has an area of 99 km² some 32 km. long and 5 km wide. Its maximum depth is 160 m. The lake area presents high levels of migration, due to the existence of natural resources such as wood, chewing gum, oil, and agricultural and pasture activities. Because of its archaeological richness, around 150,000 tourists pass through this region yearly. The city of Flores, the capital of El Petén, lies on an island near its southern shore.</p><br>
<p>Several streams flow into Lake Petén Itzá, but it has no surface outflow. Although it loses water mostly by evaporation, it is not a salt lake.</p><br>
<h2>Notable sites</h2><br>
<p>There are at least 27 Maya sites around this lake and the archaeological remains of Tayasal, located across the lake on a peninsula close to the former Itza Maya capital, the last to be conquered in Mesoamerica in 1697.</p><br>
<h2>Fauna</h2><br>
<p>This lake has more than 100 important indigenous species such as the giant cichlid (Petenia splendida), crocodiles (Crocodylus moreletii and Crocodylus acutus), jaguars (Panthera onca), Pumas (Puma concolor), White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), red brocket (Mazana americana), and several bird species, including parrots, toucans, and macaws. On its northeast shore is the Cerro Cahui Protected Biotope, a natural reserve for butterflies is a 1,600 acre reserve is home to toucans, spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi), howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata, Alouatta pigra), and many other rain forest species.</p><br>
<p>Lake Débo is a lake in the central part of Mali, formed by the seasonal flooding of the Niger River basin. It is in the Inner Niger Delta of the Niger River. During high water stages of the river, the delta formed by lakes, creeks, and backwaters form part of Lake Débo. The inner delta has many wide channels, which are shallow and flooded marshes; this delta extends over a length of 200 mi with a width of 50 mi. Lake Débo during high flow season, is at a distance of 80 km from Mopti on its upstream, on the southern end and 240 km from Timbuktu at its downstream, on the north-eastern end. It is the largest of many such seasonal wetlands and lakes which form the Inner Niger Delta, and the largest lake within Mali. Its size is largely reduced during the dry season of September to March.</p><br>
<p>The existence of this lake called the "Great Lake" in the inner delta of Niger River between Jenne and Timbuktu in Mali has been established after extensive study of maps of the region extending over a period from 1000 to 1900 AD; 400 maps were studied for the period.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This lake, called the "Great Lake" in the inner delta of Niger River between Jenne and Timbuktu in Mali, was known to Europeans from very early times. The earliest known report of it was in the first millennium BC. Ptolemy described it as having the shape of a barbell. Study of more than 400 maps of the region created over a period from 1000 to 1900 AD found that the lake appeared on 95 percent; the only feature depicted on more maps was the Nile. The lake has been known variously as Nigrite Palus, Lake Sigisma, Lake Guber, Lake Guarda, Bog/Morais of Guarda, Lake Maberia, Bahar Seafeena, Lake Dibbie, but it is now known as Lake Débo. The Niger River is assessed as a young river of 2000 years age and is yet to stabilize. However, the natural channels have undergone many meandering changes.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The lake is formed upstream of the confluence of Niger and Bani Rivers. It is the best known lacustrine lake in Mali, which has diameter of 30 km and shallow and hence large vessels can not pass through the lake. In the upper highland reaches of these rivers, the highland terrain slopes are very gentle resulting in the retardation of flows and creation of this lake. The slope reported before the creation of the lake is 5 ft per 100 mi. The Bara Lisa River joins the Niger above Dire. It exits the deltas from the northern shores of Lake Debo and flows east. The Issa Baris, the main arm of the lake, exits from the lake in a westerly direction and turns northeast to join the Bara Lisa.</p><br>
<p>Geological formations recorded at the bed of the lake are "from dense crystalline rock of Precambrian sandstone compacted in the broad Taoudeni Syncline as an alluvial fan and covered by a hard layer of cemented-laterite." The flat slopes and geology of the beds has resulted in creating a meandering and multi-channel flow pattern, which has resulted in the formation of inner delta of the Niger. The inner delta thus has many wide channels, which are shallow and flooded marshes; this delta extends over a length of 200 mi with a width of 50 mi. It is inferred from the study of nearly 400 maps that it is the delta which is the origin of the lake and that the lake is the largest in the delta. It also provides confirmation of the nature of blocked water and also includes the Erg of Bara region. The maximum flood in the lake and the delta occurs during November and December.</p><br>
<p>Below Lake Debo, the Niger valley is marked by a large number of lakes, which are lower than the river level. As part of the central delta, the lake is the largest. As it is a part of the Niger River, its size varies with the fluctuation in the water level.</p><br>
<p>During the high flood stage, flood waters arriving at the lake are reported as 12,400 km3/s. This was absorbed in the vast lake, as storage, and the out flow from the lake is thus moderated to only 2,400 km3/s when it reaches Niamey, the capital city of Niger. Since 1962, even a 1,000 km3/s extra flow from the lake could now cause increase of water level in the Niamey area by 2 m, rising to the level 181.51 m.</p><br>
<h3>Climate</h3><br>
<p>The lake in the Sahel, just south of the Sahara desert, has climatic conditions which are reported to be a transitional zone of humid Guinean climate in the south to a dry climate at border with the Sahara. The rainy season in the south lasts from July to October, with an average annual rainfall of 750 mm. However, the rainy season in the north lasts from July to September, with an average annual precipitation recorded at 250 mm. Temperatures vary with strong seasonal emphasis. The average maximum temperature recorded in May at Tombouctou is 43 &deg;C and at Mopti is 40 &deg;C. The cooler climatic season is from December to January with temperatures dropping to a mean minimum of 3 &deg;C to 6 &deg;C in the northern part of the delta.</p><br>
<p>Lake Débo during high flow season when it has the maximum dimensions of water spread, is 80 km from Mopti on its upstream, on the southern end, and 240 km from Timbuktu at its downstream, on the north-eastern end. It is the largest of many such seasonal wetlands and lakes which form the Inner Niger Delta, and the largest lake within Mali. Its size is largely reduced during the dry season of September to March.</p><br>
<h2>Vegetation</h2><br>
<p>The inundated Lake Débo and Walado Débo (Inner Niger Delta in Mali) form the pasture lands which are collectively known as the flooded forest savannah with aquatic herbaceous and two dominant species of acacia. These pastures are known locally as bourgou grass. Palms like Hyphaene thebaica, and Borassus aethiopum are also reported on the fringes of the lake.</p><br>
<p>There are three types of pasture lands, defined on the basis of its management. These are: Resident Fulani’s pastures which are controlled by the Amiro (the chief Joro); the "Harima" (meaning: a local convention) with the chief of village and other members responsible for its usage; and the several small holdings (within the bourgou) parceled to private individuals. the perennial grasses grown are edible and easily digestible with botanical names of Echinochloa stagnina (a perennial plant) and Vossia cuspidata, and which grow in varying depths of water (3 -). The crop variety, which is extensive, is of wild rice (Oryza longistaminata and bartti). Another plant species that acts as barrier to sand deposition is the Vetiveria nigritiana, when the water stages in the lake and the delta is high. The aquatic plants sustain varying levels of water in the lake and the soil types dictates the ecology of the region.</p><br>
<p>The sloping banks of the lake have shrubs interspersed with grasses and vacant patches, and woody species, generally of acacia species. Akkagoun and Dentaka are the forested areas surrounding the lake and the delta, which are home for many water birds. Algal blooms are also reported from the lake which could result in reduction of the water transparency.</p><br>
<h2>Fauna</h2><br>
<p>The West African manatee (Trichechus senegalensis) is the most prominent fauna species in the lake which is reported as its last habitat in the world. Hippos (Hippopotamus amphibius) are also reported from the lake (the hippo population is estimated at 40 to 60 individuals). Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) is also reported from the flood plains. Within the basin area of the lake and the delta the faunal species reported are: roan antelope (Hippotragus equinus), dorcas gazelle (Gazella dorcas), dama gazelle (Gazella dama), red-fronted gazelle(Gazella rufifrons) (VU), and reptile species Nile monitor (Varanus nilotica) and African rock python (Python sebae).</p><br>
<p>The avifauna reported in the extensive habitat of the lacustrine lake, which forms one of the major Sahelian wetlands, is under paleo-arctic and afro-tropical categories. The large congregation of wetland birds in the lake is documented at more than 1 million; A sea side feeling is felt around the lake and the delta, as the air is filled with shrill cries of water birds and sea gulls.</p><br>
<p>As the lake is an important stopping place for migratory birds, UNESCO has classified it as a Ramsar zone under the title whole of Lake Walado Débo, which is part of the inner delta with 350 species of birds, including 118 migratory species.</p><br>
<p>The Synodontis gobroni and the Gobiocichla wonderi are two endemic species of fishes in the lake which is part of the inland delta.</p><br>
<p>The aqua fauna in the delta as a whole, which is reflective of the lake also as it is integral to the delta, consists of 130 species mostly of the species in the families of Mormyridae, Mochokidae, and Cyprinidae. There are many fish migrant species which migrate along the river to this region; out of these migrating fishes the African tetras Brycinus leuciscus travels long distances up to the delta and also up to the toe of the Markala Dam.</p><br>
<h2>Culture</h2><br>
<p>When the Niger and Bani Rivers are in spate, fishing operations are carried out in the lake using trawlers. The ethnic Bozo fisherman, resident on the shores of the lake are involved in these operations. During the dry season, the many ethnic Fula nomads come to this lake area as their terminus destination during the seasonal transhumance migration along with their herds from the north.</p><br>
<p>Lake Malombe is a lake in southern part of Malawi, on the Shire River, in the Southern Region. It is located at around {{coord|14|40|0|S|35|15|0|E|type:waterbody_region:MW}}, about 20 km south of much larger Lake Malawi. It has an area of about 450 km&sup2;. In recent years the number of fishermen on the lake rose substantially, and this led to local decline in some fish species, especially the chambo cichlids which is an important source of food throughout Malawi. The lake is extremely shallow with an average depth of approximately eight feet, and during periods of dry weather the water level recedes and can even disappear.</p><br>
<p>The lake-bed was dry for several hundred years until it refilled in the middle of the 19th century.</p><br>
<p>The Athenaeum Rectory is a historic building in Columbia, Tennessee that features both Gothic and Moorish architectural elements. Completed in 1837, the building originally served as the rectory for The Columbia Female Institute and as the residence of the school&#39;s first president, the Reverend Franklin Gillette Smith. The structure was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The structure, later to be known as the Athenaeum Rectory, was originally intended to be the residence of Samuel Polk Walker, nephew of President James K. Polk. Construction commenced in 1835.</p><br>
<h3>Rectory of the Columbia Female Institute</h3><br>
<p>By the time construction was completed in 1837, the intended resident had been changed to the Reverend Franklin Gillette Smith (1797–1866) who came to Tennessee to serve as the president of The Columbia Female Institute, an Episcopal school for female students.</p><br>
<p>In 1851, the Rev. Smith resigned from the Columbia Female Institute due to alleged improprieties with a student. The authority who asked for his resignation was the Institutes co-founder, Rt. Rev. James Hervey Otey, the first Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee. Stung by a general backlash from Smiths local supporters, Bishop Otey moved his family and his administrative base to Memphis, Tennessee, which continued as the seat of Tennessee&#39;s bishops, informally and formally, until 1982, when the Episcopal Diocese of West Tennessee was created.</p><br>
<h3>Rectory of the Columbia Athenaeum School</h3><br>
<p>Still committed to his educational mission, Rev. Smith soon founded the Columbia Athenaeum School on property adjacent to the Columbia Female Institute. The Athenaeum Rectory continued to serve as the residence for the Smith family and housed reception areas for the newly founded school. The Columbia Athenaeum continued to operate until 1903. During its 52 years of operation, the school developed a national reputation for the breadth and quality of its curriculum. Reverend Smith believed that the intelligence level of women was equivalent to that of men and offered courses that were traditionally available only to men, such as calculus, physics, and marine biology. The main school complex consisted of twelve buildings.</p><br>
<p>Once the school had ceased operation, the property was sold by the Smith heirs. The facilities housed a local high school until 1914. In 1915, the City of Columbia constructed a new high school on the property.</p><br>
<p>Members of the Smith family continued to occupy the Athenaeum Rectory until 1973 when it was donated to the Association for the Preservation of Tennessee Antiquities for use by the residents of Maury County. Today, the rectory is operated as a historic house museum. In addition, a small cottage that Reverend Smith used as a study survives to this day. Events are held twice annually which recreate the educational experiences of young women at the female institute.</p><br>
<h2>Architectural significance</h2><br>
<p>The Athenaeum Rectory features elements from a variety of architectural styles: Gothic, Moorish, Greek Revival, Italianate, and others. The structure was designed by Adolphus Heiman, an architect of the early 19th century who designed many buildings in the Middle Tennessee area. Nathan Vaught, a master builder from Maury County, was responsible for construction of the building.</p><br>
<p>The renovated home is open for guided tours.</p><br>
